Difference between revisions of "Sega OutRun hardware"

Revision as of 22:11, 25 July 2017

Sega OutRun hardware

Manufacturer: Sega

Release	Date	RRP	Code

Sega's OutRun hardware was released in 1986 with the driving game OutRun. It is a successor to their Hang-On hardware, making it the second in Sega's Super Scaler series of three-dimensional arcade hardware. It was succeeded by the Sega X Board in 1987.

The OutRun hardware, like the Hang-On hardware, has specifications similar to those of the System 16, with the addition of a second 68000 processor and a separate video board which allowed for an extra graphics layer for the road as well as sprite/texture scaling capabilities. The OutRun hardware can do everything the Hang-On hardware can do, but its processors are clocked higher (allowing for quicker calculations), it has more memory and faster bandwidth, and the video board's capabilities have been expanded, capable of drawing two roads (the Hang-On hardware can only draw one) and rendering sprites/textures using a framebuffer system with a higher fillrate (the Hang-On hardware used a line-buffer system). At the time, the OutRun hardware was a very powerful but expensive arcade board, with arcade operators advised to charge twice as many credits than for regular arcade machines.

Three games made use of the hardware, all of which are driving games. However, only OutRun and Turbo OutRun are truly for this hardware, as Super Hang-On was also released for the Hang-On hardware in a mostly identical form.

Technical specifications

Sega OutRun specifications

Board composition: CPU Board (Main Board), Video Board^[1]
Main CPU: 2× 68000 @ 12.5 MHz: 16/32‑bit instructions, 4.375 MIPS, 32‑bit (2× 16‑bit) data bus, 44‑bit (24‑bit, 20‑bit) address bus^[2]
Memory Mapper FPGA: Sega 315‑5195 Memory Mapper @ 40 MHz: 16‑bit data bus, 24‑bit address bus^[3]^[2]

Sound

Sound CPU: Zilog Z80 @ 4 MHz (8/16‑bit instructions, 0.58 MIPS)
Sound chips: 2 chips, 24 channels, 24‑bit bus width^[4]
- FM synthesis chip: Yamaha YM2151 @ 4 MHz (8 FM channels, 8‑bit bus width)^[5]
- PCM sampling chip: SegaPCM 315‑5218 Sound Controller @ 4/16 MHz^[1] (stereo output, 16 PCM channels, 12‑bit audio depth,^[6] 31.25 kHz sampling rate, 16‑bit bus width)
Sound DAC: Yamaha YM3012 @ 4 MHz: 16‑bit floating‑point dynamic range^[7]
Sound FPGA: Sega 315‑5223A (Signetics CK2605) @ 16 MHz: 8‑bit bus width^[8]^[9]

Graphics

Video Board GPU: Sega 171‑5377 VIDEO Board graphics chipset @ 25.1748 MHz: 6 processors, 80‑bit RAM (167.521366 MB/s), 64‑bit ROM (37 MB/s)^[1]^[3]^[4]
- 315‑5197 Sega Custom Tilemap Generator FPGA: 16‑bit RAM (15.384615 MHz, 65 ns, 30.76923 MB/s), 24‑bit ROM (4 MHz, 250 ns, 12 MB/s)
- 315‑5211 Sega Custom Sprite Generator FPGA: 16‑bit sprite attribute RAM (22.222222 MHz, 45 ns, 44.444444 MB/s),^[10] 48‑bit sprite framebuffer RAM (15.384615 MHz, 65 ns, 92.307692 MB/s),^[11] 32‑bit ROM (5 MHz, 200 ns, 20 MB/s)^[12]
- 315‑5227A Signetics CK2678 PAL: 8‑bit ROM (5 MHz, 200 ns, 5 MB/s)^[12]
- 315‑5228 Signetics CK2605 FPGA: 8‑bit^[8]^[9]
- 315‑5242 Sega Custom Color Encoder: 16‑bit
- 8255‑2 NEC µPD8255AC‑2: 24‑bit (3× 8‑bit) PPI (Programmable Peripheral Interface)^[13]
Main Board GPU: Sega 171‑5376 CPU Board graphics chipset @ 39.99967 MHz: 6 processors, 5‑bit RAM (6.25 MB/s), 16‑bit ROM (10 MB/s)^[3]^[1]^[14]
- 2× 315‑5155 Sega Road Bit Extraction PAL: 16‑bit (2× 8‑bit), 2× 5 MHz ROM (200 ns, 10 MB/s)^[12]
- 315‑5222 Signetics PLS153N Road Mixing FPGA: 8‑bit internal (33.333333 MHz),^[15] 5‑bit RAM (10 MHz, 100 ns, 6.25 MB/s)
- 315‑5223A Signetics CK2605 FPGA: 8‑bit internal,^[8]^[9] 4‑bit external
- 2× MMI PAL16R4 (315‑5225, 315‑5226) PAL: 16‑bit (2× 8‑bit)^[16]
Fixed-point arithmetic capabilities: Z-buffering, depth map^[17]
Video resolution: 320×224 (display), 400×262 (overscan),^[1] progressive scan
- Scanlines: 224 (display), 262 (overscan)
Refresh rate: 60.0543 Hz (V‑sync)^[1]
- Frame rate: 30–60.0543 FPS
Color palette: 98,304
- 16-bit color palette: 15‑bit RGB color depth (32,768 colors), 1‑bit shadow & highlight triples up to 98,304 colors
Colors on screen: 12,288^[1]
Graphical planes:
- 2 tilemap layers
- 1 text layer
- 1 sprite layer
- 1 road layer
- Translucent shadows
Video clock rate: 25.1748 MHz (60.0543 Hz refresh rate)
Sprite plane: Sprite/Texture framebuffer, hardware sprite-scaling/zooming, 128 on‑screen sprites per frame, 7680 sprites/textures scaled per second, 16 colors (4‑bit) per sprite/texture
- Framebuffer: 512×256 resolution, double buffering,^[6] 16-bit color depth
- Sprite/Texture sizes: 8×8 to 512×256 texels
- Framebuffer fillrate: 23.076923 MPixels/s (double buffering, 92.307692 MB/s)
- Texels per frame: 769,230 texels (30 FPS) to 384,267 texels (60.0543 FPS), 1466 texels per scanline, 128 sprites per scanline
Tilemap planes: 2 tilemap layers, System 16B tilemap system, row/column scrolling, parallax scrolling^[1]^[18]
- Tilemap resolution: 512×256 (1024×512 virtual resolution)
- Colors per tile: 8 colors (3‑bit)
- Tile size: 8×8 pixels (24 bytes)
- Tile fillrate: 15.384615 MPixels/s, 240,384 tiles/sec (5.769231 MB/s)
- Tiles per frame: 4002 tiles and 256,178 texels (60.0543 FPS) to 8012 tiles and 512,820 texels (30 FPS)
- Tiles per scanline: 978 texels, 122 tiles
Road plane: Can draw 2 roads at once, bitmap/texture, 512×256 resolution per road^[17]
- Colors per pixel: 8 colors (3‑bit)
- Road fillrate: 1024 texels per scanline, 268,288 texels per frame, 16.111848 MPixels/s (6.041943 MB/s)

Memory

Memory: Up to 3.6 MB (736 KB main, 2496 KB video, 454 KB sound)
RAM: 670 KB SRAM (Static RAM)^[1]^[19]
- Main RAM: 64 KB (32 KB per 68000)^[20]
- VRAM: 608 KB^[1]^[4]
  - CPU Board: 8 KB (4 KB roads, 4 KB other)^[10]
  - Video Board: 600 KB (512 KB dual sprite framebuffers,^[6]^[11] 4 KB sprite attributes,^[10] 64 KB tilemaps,^[11] 4 KB text, 8 KB colors, 4 KB other)
- Sound RAM: 6 KB (3× 2 KB)^[10]
ROM: Up to 3008 KB EPROM/MROM (672 KB main ROM, 1888 KB video ROM, 448 KB sound ROM)^[21]

Bandwidth

RAM bandwidth:^[19]
- Main RAM: 40 MB/s (32‑bit, 10 MHz, 100 ns)
- VRAM: 173.771366 MB/s (85‑bit)
- Sound RAM: 25 MB/s (24‑bit, 8.333333 MHz, 120 ns)^[10]
ROM bandwidth:^[19]
- Main ROM: 20 MB/s (32‑bit, 5 MHz, 200 ns)
- Video ROM: 47 MB/s (80‑bit)
- Sound ROM: 11.764706 MB/s (16‑bit, 5.882353 MHz, 170 ns)^[12]

Turbo OutRun specifications

The Turbo OutRun hardware is largely identical, but with the following changes:^[22]

Graphics

Video Board GPU: Sega 171‑5377 VIDEO Board graphics chipset @ 25.1748 MHz: 6 processors, 80‑bit RAM (189.898989 MB/s)
- 315‑5197 Sega Custom Tilemap Generator FPGA: 16‑bit RAM (18.181818 MHz, 55 ns, 36.363636 MB/s)^[11]
- 315‑5211 Sega Custom Sprite Generator FPGA: 48‑bit sprite framebuffer RAM (18.181818 MHz, 55 ns, 109.090909 MB/s)^[11]
Main Board GPU: Sega 171‑5376 CPU Board graphics chipset @ 39.99967 MHz: 6 processors, 5‑bit RAM (6.25 MB/s)
Sprite plane:
- Framebuffer fillrate: 25.1748 MPixels/s (double buffering, 100.6992 MB/s)
- Texels per frame: 839,160 texels (30 FPS) to 384,267 texels (60.0543 FPS), 1600 texels per scanline

Bandwidth

RAM bandwidth:
- VRAM: 196.148989 MB/s (85‑bit)

List of games

Out Run (1986)
Super Hang-On (1987)
Turbo OutRun (1989)
Limited Edition Hang-On (1991)

Magazine articles

Main article: Sega OutRun hardware/Magazine articles.

Photo gallery

CPU board (top)
CPU board (bottom)
Video board (top)
Video board (bottom)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 ^1.8 ^1.9 Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 2
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Sega 16‑Bit common hardware (MAME)
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 8
↑ File:YM2151 datasheet.pdf
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)
↑ File:YM3012 datasheet.pdf
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 File:303A-011A Device List.pdf, page 11
↑ ^9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 File:CK2605 Fusemap.pdf
↑ ^10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 File:TMM2018 datasheet.pdf
↑ ^11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 ^11.3 ^11.4 File:HM65256B datasheet.pdf
↑ ^12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 File:M27256 datasheet.pdf
↑ File:UPD8255A datasheet.pdf
↑ File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 5
↑ File:PLS153 datasheet.pdf
↑ File:PAL16R datasheet.pdf
↑ ^17.0 ^17.1 Lou's Pseudo 3D Page
↑ Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)
↑ ^19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf
↑ File:TMM2063P datasheet.pdf
↑ File:TurboOutRun Arcade JP Flyer.pdf, page 2
↑ Inside Manufactured Products: Sega's Turbo OutRun Arcade Machine

Sega arcade boards
Originating in arcades
77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 VIC Dual G80 Zaxxon VCO Object System 1 LaserDisc Appoooh Hang-On System 2 System 16 OutRun Gigas X Board Y Board System 24 System 18 System 32 Model 1 Model 2 H1 Board Model 3
Console-based hardware
84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 SG-1000 System E System C Mega-Tech System Mega Play Sega Titan Video NAOMI Hikaru NAOMI 2 Atomiswave System SP Chihiro Triforce
PC-based hardware
05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Lindbergh Europa-R RingEdge RingWide RingEdge 2 Nu Nu 1.1 Nu 2 ALLS

[.5Bhttps:.2F.2Fgithub.com.2Fmamedev.2Fmame.2Fblob.2Fmaster.2Fsrc.2Fmame.2Fdrivers.2Fsegaorun.cpp_Sega_OutRun_hardware_.28MAME.29.5D-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 ^1.4 ^1.5 ^1.6 ^1.7 ^1.8 ^1.9 Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)

[:File:OutRun_Schematics.pdf_p2-2] 2.0 ^2.1 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 2

[.5Bhttps:.2F.2Fgithub.com.2Fmamedev.2Fmame.2Fblob.2Fmaster.2Fsrc.2Fmame.2Fvideo.2Fsegaic16.cpp_Sega_16.E2.80.91Bit_common_hardware_.28MAME.29.5D-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 Sega 16‑Bit common hardware (MAME)

[:File:OutRun_Schematics.pdf_p8-4] 4.0 ^4.1 ^4.2 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 8

[:File:YM2151_datasheet.pdf_p-5] File:YM2151 datasheet.pdf

[Sega_.22X-Board.22_hardware_notes_.282004-12-03.29-6] 6.0 ^6.1 ^6.2 Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)

[:File:YM3012_datasheet.pdf_p-7] File:YM3012 datasheet.pdf

[:File:303A-011A_Device_List.pdf_p11-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 File:303A-011A Device List.pdf, page 11

[:File:CK2605_Fusemap.pdf_p-9] 9.0 ^9.1 ^9.2 File:CK2605 Fusemap.pdf

[:File:TMM2018_datasheet.pdf_p-10] 10.0 ^10.1 ^10.2 ^10.3 ^10.4 File:TMM2018 datasheet.pdf

[:File:HM65256B_datasheet.pdf_p-11] 11.0 ^11.1 ^11.2 ^11.3 ^11.4 File:HM65256B datasheet.pdf

[:File:M27256_datasheet.pdf_p-12] 12.0 ^12.1 ^12.2 ^12.3 File:M27256 datasheet.pdf

[:File:UPD8255A_datasheet.pdf_p-13] File:UPD8255A datasheet.pdf

[:File:OutRun_Schematics.pdf_p5-14] File:OutRun Schematics.pdf, page 5

[:File:PLS153_datasheet.pdf_p-15] File:PLS153 datasheet.pdf

[:File:PAL16R_datasheet.pdf_p-16] File:PAL16R datasheet.pdf

[.5Bhttp:.2F.2Fwww.extentofthejam.com.2Fpseudo.2F_Lou.27s_Pseudo_3D_Page.5D-17] 17.0 ^17.1 Lou's Pseudo 3D Page

[Sega_System_16B_hardware_notes_.282003-01-12.29-18] Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)

[:File:OutRun_Schematics.pdf_p-19] 19.0 ^19.1 ^19.2 File:OutRun Schematics.pdf

[:File:TMM2063P_datasheet.pdf_p-20] File:TMM2063P datasheet.pdf

[:File:TurboOutRun_Arcade_JP_Flyer.pdf_p2-21] File:TurboOutRun Arcade JP Flyer.pdf, page 2

[.5Bhttps:.2F.2Fsites.google.com.2Fsite.2Fjamesskingdom.2FHome.2Felectronics-by-james-s.2Finside-manufactured-products.23TOC-Sega-s-Turbo-Out-Run-Arcade-Machine_Inside_Manufactured_Products:_Sega.27s_Turbo_OutRun_Arcade_Machine.5D-22] Inside Manufactured Products: Sega's Turbo OutRun Arcade Machine

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[4]

[5]

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@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 | releases={{releases
 | arcade_date_world=1986-09-20
-| arcade_code_world=[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp 171-5376]
+| arcade_code_world=171-5376{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}
 }}
 }}
 '''Sega's OutRun hardware''' was released in 1986 with the driving game ''[[OutRun]]''. It is a successor to their [[Sega Hang-On Hardware|Hang-On hardware]], making it the second in [[Sega]]'s [[Super Scaler]] series of three-dimensional arcade hardware. It was succeeded by the [[Sega X Board]] in 1987.
-The OutRun hardware, like the Hang-On hardware, has specifications similar to those of the [[System 16]], with the addition of a second [[68000]] processor and a separate video board which allowed for an extra graphics layer for the road as well as [[sprite]]/texture scaling capabilities. The OutRun hardware can do everything the Hang-On hardware can do, but its processors are clocked higher (allowing for quicker calculations), it has more memory, and the video board's capabilities have been expanded, capable of drawing two roads (the Hang-On hardware can only draw one) and rendering sprites/textures using a framebuffer system with a higher fillrate (the Hang-On hardware used a line-buffer system).  At the time, the OutRun hardware was a very powerful but expensive arcade board, with arcade operators advised to charge twice as many credits than for regular arcade machines.
+The OutRun hardware, like the Hang-On hardware, has specifications similar to those of the [[System 16]], with the addition of a second [[68000]] processor and a separate video board which allowed for an extra graphics layer for the road as well as [[sprite]]/texture scaling capabilities. The OutRun hardware can do everything the Hang-On hardware can do, but its processors are clocked higher (allowing for quicker calculations), it has more memory and faster bandwidth, and the video board's capabilities have been expanded, capable of drawing two roads (the Hang-On hardware can only draw one) and rendering sprites/textures using a framebuffer system with a higher fillrate (the Hang-On hardware used a line-buffer system).  At the time, the OutRun hardware was a very powerful but expensive arcade board, with arcade operators advised to charge twice as many credits than for regular arcade machines.
 Three games made use of the hardware, all of which are driving games. However, only ''[[OutRun]]'' and ''[[Turbo OutRun]]'' are truly for this hardware, as ''[[Super Hang-On]]'' was also released for the Hang-On hardware in a mostly identical form.
-==Technical Specifications==
+==Technical specifications==
-* Board composition: CPU&nbsp;Board (Main&nbsp;Board), Video&nbsp;Board{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}
+===Sega OutRun specifications===
+* Board composition: CPU&nbsp;Board (Main&nbsp;Board), Video&nbsp;Board{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}
 * Main [[wikipedia:Central processing unit|CPU]]: 2×&nbsp;[[68000]] @ 12.5&nbsp;MHz: 16/32‑bit instructions, 4.375&nbsp;MIPS, 32‑bit (2×&nbsp;16‑bit) data bus, 44‑bit (24‑bit, 20‑bit) address bus{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=2}}
-* Memory Mapper [[wikipedia:Field-programmable gate array|FPGA]]: Sega 315‑5195 Memory Mapper @ 40&nbsp;MHz: 16‑bit data bus, 24‑bit address bus{{ref|[https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/old/src/mame/video/segaic16.c Sega 16‑Bit Common Hardware], [[MAME]]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=2}}
+* Memory Mapper [[wikipedia:Field-programmable gate array|FPGA]]: Sega 315‑5195 Memory Mapper @ 40&nbsp;MHz: 16‑bit data bus, 24‑bit address bus{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/video/segaic16.cpp Sega 16‑Bit common hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=2}}
-===Sound===
+====Sound====
 {{multicol|
 * Sound CPU: [[Zilog]] [[Zilog Z80|Z80]] @ 4&nbsp;MHz (8/16‑bit instructions, 0.58&nbsp;MIPS)
 * Sound chips: 2&nbsp;chips, 24&nbsp;channels, 24‑bit bus width{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=8}}
 ** [[wikipedia:Frequency modulation synthesis|FM synthesis]] chip: [[Yamaha YM2151]] @ 4&nbsp;MHz (8&nbsp;FM channels, 8‑bit bus width){{fileref|YM2151 datasheet.pdf}}
-** [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] sampling chip: SegaPCM 315‑5218 Sound Controller @ 4/16&nbsp;MHz{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}} ([[wikipedia:Stereophonic sound|stereo]] output, 16&nbsp;PCM channels, [[wikipedia:Audio bit depth|12‑bit audio depth]],{{ref|[http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/loftech.txt Sega X Board Hardware Notes (12/03/2004)]}} 31.25&nbsp;kHz [[wikipedia:Sampling rate|sampling rate]], 16‑bit bus width)
+** [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] sampling chip: SegaPCM 315‑5218 Sound Controller @ 4/16&nbsp;MHz{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}} ([[wikipedia:Stereophonic sound|stereo]] output, 16&nbsp;PCM channels, [[wikipedia:Audio bit depth|12‑bit audio depth]],{{intref|Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)}} 31.25&nbsp;kHz [[wikipedia:Sampling rate|sampling rate]], 16‑bit bus width)
 * Sound [[wikipedia:Digital-to-analog converter|DAC]]: [[Yamaha]] YM3012 @ 4&nbsp;MHz: 16‑bit floating‑point dynamic range{{fileref|YM3012 datasheet.pdf}}
 * Sound FPGA: Sega 315‑5223A (Signetics CK2605) @ 16&nbsp;MHz: 8‑bit bus width{{fileref|303A-011A Device List.pdf|page=11}}{{fileref|CK2605 Fusemap.pdf}}
 }}
-===Graphics===
+====Graphics====
 {{multicol|
-* Video Board [[wikia:w:c:gaming:Graphics processing unit|GPU]]: Sega 171‑5377 VIDEO Board graphics chipset @ 25.1748&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 80‑bit RAM (167.521366&nbsp;MB/s), 64‑bit ROM (37&nbsp;MB/s){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/old/src/mame/video/segaic16.c Sega 16‑Bit Common Hardware], [[MAME]]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=8}}
+* Video Board [[wikia:w:c:gaming:Graphics processing unit|GPU]]: Sega 171‑5377 VIDEO Board graphics chipset @ 25.1748&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 80‑bit RAM (167.521366&nbsp;MB/s), 64‑bit ROM (37&nbsp;MB/s){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/video/segaic16.cpp Sega 16‑Bit common hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=8}}
 ** 315‑5197 Sega Custom Tilemap Generator [[wikipedia:Field-programmable gate array|FPGA]]: 16‑bit RAM (15.384615&nbsp;MHz, 65&nbsp;ns, 30.76923&nbsp;MB/s), 24‑bit ROM (4&nbsp;MHz, 250&nbsp;[[wikipedia:Nanosecond|ns]], 12&nbsp;MB/s)
-** 315‑5211 Sega Custom Sprite Generator FPGA: 16‑bit sprite attribute RAM (22.222222&nbsp;MHz, 45&nbsp;ns, 44.444444&nbsp;MB/s),{{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}} 48‑bit sprite framebuffer RAM (15.384615&nbsp;MHz, 65&nbsp;ns, 92.307692&nbsp;MB/s),{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} <!-- {{ref|[https://sites.google.com/site/jamesskingdom/Home/electronics-by-james-s/inside-manufactured-products#TOC-Sega-s-Turbo-Out-Run-Arcade-Machine Inside Manufactured Products: Sega's Turbo OutRun Arcade Machine]}} --> 32‑bit ROM (5&nbsp;MHz, 200&nbsp;ns, 20&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|M27256 datasheet.pdf}}
+** 315‑5211 Sega Custom Sprite Generator FPGA: 16‑bit sprite attribute RAM (22.222222&nbsp;MHz, 45&nbsp;ns, 44.444444&nbsp;MB/s),{{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}} 48‑bit sprite framebuffer RAM (15.384615&nbsp;MHz, 65&nbsp;ns, 92.307692&nbsp;MB/s),{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} 32‑bit ROM (5&nbsp;MHz, 200&nbsp;ns, 20&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|M27256 datasheet.pdf}}
 ** 315‑5227A Signetics CK2678 [[wikipedia:Programmable Array Logic|PAL]]: 8‑bit ROM (5&nbsp;MHz, 200&nbsp;ns, 5&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|M27256 datasheet.pdf}}
 ** 315‑5228 Signetics CK2605 FPGA: 8‑bit{{fileref|303A-011A Device List.pdf|page=11}}{{fileref|CK2605 Fusemap.pdf}}
 ** 315‑5242 Sega Custom Color Encoder: 16‑bit
 ** 8255‑2 NEC µPD8255AC‑2: 24‑bit (3×&nbsp;8‑bit) [[wikipedia:Intel 8255|PPI]] (Programmable Peripheral Interface){{fileref|UPD8255A datasheet.pdf}}
-* Main Board GPU: Sega 171‑5376 CPU Board graphics chipset @ 39.99967&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 5‑bit RAM (6.25&nbsp;MB/s), 16‑bit ROM (10&nbsp;MB/s){{ref|[https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/old/src/mame/video/segaic16.c Sega 16‑Bit Common Hardware], [[MAME]]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=5}}
+* Main Board GPU: Sega 171‑5376 CPU Board graphics chipset @ 39.99967&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 5‑bit RAM (6.25&nbsp;MB/s), 16‑bit ROM (10&nbsp;MB/s){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/video/segaic16.cpp Sega 16‑Bit common hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=5}}
-** 2× 315‑5155 Sega Road Bit Extraction PAL: 16‑bit (2× 8‑bit), 2× 8.056&nbsp;MHz internal, 2× 5&nbsp;MHz ROM (200&nbsp;ns, 10&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|M27256 datasheet.pdf}}
+** 2× 315‑5155 Sega Road Bit Extraction PAL: 16‑bit (2× 8‑bit), 2× 5&nbsp;MHz ROM (200&nbsp;ns, 10&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|M27256 datasheet.pdf}}
 ** 315‑5222 Signetics PLS153N Road Mixing FPGA: 8‑bit internal (33.333333&nbsp;MHz),{{fileref|PLS153 datasheet.pdf}} 5‑bit RAM (10&nbsp;MHz, 100&nbsp;ns, 6.25&nbsp;MB/s)
 ** 315‑5223A Signetics CK2605 FPGA: 8‑bit internal,{{fileref|303A-011A Device List.pdf|page=11}}{{fileref|CK2605 Fusemap.pdf}} 4‑bit external
 ** 2× MMI PAL16R4 (315‑5225, 315‑5226) PAL: 16‑bit (2×&nbsp;8‑bit){{fileref|PAL16R datasheet.pdf}}
-* Video resolution: 320×224 (display), 400×262 (overscan),{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}} progressive scan
+* Fixed-point arithmetic capabilities: [[wikipedia:Z-buffering|Z-buffering]], [[wikipedia:Depth map|depth map]]{{ref|[http://www.extentofthejam.com/pseudo/ Lou's Pseudo 3D Page]}}
+* Video resolution: 320×224 (display), 400×262 (overscan),{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}} progressive scan
 ** [[wikipedia:Scan line|Scanlines]]: 224 (display), 262 (overscan)
-* [[wikipedia:Refresh rate|Refresh rate]]: 60.0543&nbsp;Hz ([[wikipedia:V-sync|V‑sync]]){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}
+* [[wikipedia:Refresh rate|Refresh rate]]: 60.0543&nbsp;Hz ([[wikipedia:V-sync|V‑sync]]){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}
-** [[wikipedia:Frame rate|Frame rate]]: 30–60 frames per second
+** [[wikipedia:Frame rate|Frame rate]]: 30–60.0543 FPS
 * [[Palette|Color palette]]: 98,304
 ** 16-bit color palette: 15‑bit RGB color depth (32,768&nbsp;colors), 1‑bit shadow & highlight triples up to 98,304&nbsp;colors
-* Colors on screen: 12,288{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}
+* Colors on screen: 12,288{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}
 * Graphical planes:
 ** 2 [[wikipedia:Tile engine|tilemap]] layers
@@ Line 58: / Line 60: @@
 ** 1 road layer
 ** Translucent shadows
+* Video [[wikipedia:Clock signal|clock rate]]: 25.1748&nbsp;MHz (60.0543&nbsp;Hz refresh rate)
 * [[Sprite]] plane: Sprite/Texture [[wikipedia:Framebuffer|framebuffer]], hardware [http://www.giantbomb.com/sprite-scaling/3015-7122/ sprite-scaling/zooming], 128 on‑screen sprites per frame, 7680&nbsp;sprites/textures scaled per second, 16&nbsp;colors (4‑bit) per sprite/texture
-** Framebuffer resolution: 512×256 pixels (double-buffering){{ref|[http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/loftech.txt Sega X Board Hardware Notes (12/03/2004)]}}
+** Framebuffer: 512×256 [[resolution]], double buffering,{{intref|Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)}} 16-bit color depth
-** Video [[wikipedia:Clock signal|clock cycles]]: 25.1748&nbsp;MHz (60.0543&nbsp;Hz refresh rate)
+** Sprite/Texture sizes: 8×8 to 512×256 [[texel]]s
-** [[wikipedia:Texel (graphics)|Sprite pixel/texel]] fillrate: 25.1748&nbsp;million pixels/texels per second,{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}} 419,200 pixels/texels per frame, 1600&nbsp;pixels/texels per scanline, 128&nbsp;sprites/textures per scanline
+** Framebuffer [[fillrate]]: 23.076923 [[Pixel|MPixels/s]] (double buffering, 92.307692 MB/s)
-* [[wikipedia:Tile engine|Tilemap]] planes: 2&nbsp;tilemap layers, [[Sega System 16|System 16B]] tilemap system, [[wikia:w:c:gaming:Parallax scrolling|row/column scrolling]], parallax scrolling, 8×8 tiles/textures{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/s16tech.txt System 16B Hardware Notes (01/12/2003)]}}
+** Texels per frame: 769,230 texels (30 FPS) to 384,267 texels (60.0543 FPS), 1466 texels per scanline, 128 sprites per scanline
-** Colors per tile: 16&nbsp;colors (4‑bit), 12&nbsp;colors (3‑bit)
+* [[wikipedia:Tile engine|Tilemap]] planes: 2&nbsp;tilemap layers, [[Sega System 16|System 16B]] tilemap system, [[wikia:w:c:gaming:Parallax scrolling|row/column scrolling]], parallax scrolling{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}{{intref|Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)}}
 ** Tilemap resolution: 512×256 (1024×512 virtual resolution)
-** Tilemap fillrate: 25.1748&nbsp;million pixels/texels per sec (393,356&nbsp;tiles/textures per sec), 419,200&nbsp;pixels/texels per frame (6550&nbsp;tiles per frame)
+** Colors per tile: 8 colors (3‑bit)
-** Fillrate per scanline: 1600&nbsp;pixels/texels per scanline, 200&nbsp;tiles/textures per scanline
+** Tile size: 8×8 pixels (24 bytes)
-** Unique tiles per frame: 8192&nbsp;tiles (8&nbsp;bytes per tile, [[#Memory|64&nbsp;KB]] tile memory)
+** Tile fillrate: 15.384615 MPixels/s, 240,384 tiles/sec (5.769231 MB/s)
-* Road plane: Can draw 2 roads at once, [http://www.extentofthejam.com/pseudo/ 512×256] resolution per road [[wikipedia:Bitmap|bitmap]]/texture
+** Tiles per frame: 4002 tiles and 256,178 texels (60.0543 FPS) to 8012 tiles and 512,820 texels (30 FPS)
-** Road fillrate: 16.11185&nbsp;million pixels/texels per sec, 268,288&nbsp;pixels/texels per frame, 1024&nbsp;pixels/texels per scanline
+** Tiles per scanline: 978 texels, 122 tiles
-* Fillrate: 66.46145&nbsp;million pixels/texels per sec, 1.106688&nbsp;million pixels/texels per frame, 4224&nbsp;pixels/texels per scanline
+* Road plane: Can draw 2 roads at once, [[wikipedia:Bitmap|bitmap]]/texture, 512×256 resolution per road{{ref|[http://www.extentofthejam.com/pseudo/ Lou's Pseudo 3D Page]}}
+** Colors per pixel: 8 colors (3‑bit)
+** Road fillrate: 1024 texels per scanline, 268,288 texels per frame, 16.111848 MPixels/s (6.041943 MB/s)
 }}
-===Memory===
+====Memory====
 {{multicol|
 * Memory: Up to 3.6&nbsp;[[Byte|MB]] (736&nbsp;[[Byte|KB]] main, 2496&nbsp;KB video, 454&nbsp;KB sound)
-* [[RAM]]: 670&nbsp;KB [[SRAM]] (Static RAM){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun Hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf}}
+* [[RAM]]: 670&nbsp;KB [[SRAM]] (Static RAM){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf}}
 ** Main RAM: 64&nbsp;KB (32&nbsp;KB per 68000){{fileref|TMM2063P datasheet.pdf}}
-** [[VRAM]]: 608&nbsp;KB
+** [[VRAM]]: 608&nbsp;KB{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.cpp Sega OutRun hardware (MAME)]}}{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf|page=8}}
 *** CPU Board: 8&nbsp;KB (4&nbsp;KB roads, 4&nbsp;KB other){{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}}
-*** Video Board: 600&nbsp;KB (512&nbsp;KB dual sprite framebuffers,{{ref|[http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/loftech.txt Sega X Board Hardware Notes (12/03/2004)]}}{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} 4&nbsp;KB sprite attributes,{{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}} 64&nbsp;KB tiles,{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} 4&nbsp;KB tilemaps,{{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}} 4&nbsp;KB text, 8&nbsp;KB colors, 4&nbsp;KB other)
+*** Video Board: 600&nbsp;KB (512&nbsp;KB dual sprite framebuffers,{{intref|Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)}}{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} 4&nbsp;KB sprite attributes,{{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}} 64&nbsp;KB tilemaps,{{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}} 4&nbsp;KB text, 8&nbsp;KB colors, 4&nbsp;KB other)
 ** Sound RAM: 6&nbsp;KB (3×&nbsp;2&nbsp;KB){{fileref|TMM2018 datasheet.pdf}}
-* [[ROM]]: Up to 3008&nbsp;KB [[EPROM]]/[[wikipedia:Mask ROM|MROM]] (672&nbsp;KB main ROM, 1888&nbsp;KB video ROM, 448&nbsp;KB sound ROM){{fileref|TurboOutRun Arcade JP Flyer.pdf|page=2}}{{ref|[http://www.mamedb.com/game/toutrun Turbo OutRun (MAME)]}}
+* [[ROM]]: Up to 3008&nbsp;KB [[EPROM]]/[[wikipedia:Mask ROM|MROM]] (672&nbsp;KB main ROM, 1888&nbsp;KB video ROM, 448&nbsp;KB sound ROM){{fileref|TurboOutRun Arcade JP Flyer.pdf|page=2}}
 }}
-===Bandwidth===
+====Bandwidth====
 {{multicol|
 * RAM bandwidth:{{fileref|OutRun Schematics.pdf}}
@@ Line 97: / Line 102: @@
 }}
-==Gallery==
+===''Turbo OutRun'' specifications===
+The ''[[Turbo OutRun]]'' hardware is largely identical, but with the following changes:{{ref|[https://sites.google.com/site/jamesskingdom/Home/electronics-by-james-s/inside-manufactured-products#TOC-Sega-s-Turbo-Out-Run-Arcade-Machine Inside Manufactured Products: Sega's Turbo OutRun Arcade Machine]}}
+====Graphics====
+{{multicol|
+* Video Board GPU: Sega 171‑5377 VIDEO Board graphics chipset @ 25.1748&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 80‑bit RAM (189.898989&nbsp;MB/s)
+** 315‑5197 Sega Custom Tilemap Generator FPGA: 16‑bit RAM (18.181818&nbsp;MHz, 55&nbsp;ns, 36.363636&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}}
+** 315‑5211 Sega Custom Sprite Generator FPGA: 48‑bit sprite framebuffer RAM (18.181818&nbsp;MHz, 55&nbsp;ns, 109.090909&nbsp;MB/s){{fileref|HM65256B datasheet.pdf}}
+* Main Board GPU: Sega 171‑5376 CPU Board graphics chipset @ 39.99967&nbsp;MHz: 6&nbsp;processors, 5‑bit RAM (6.25&nbsp;MB/s)
+* [[Sprite]] plane:
+** Framebuffer [[fillrate]]: 25.1748 [[Pixel|MPixels/s]] (double buffering, 100.6992 MB/s)
+** Texels per frame: 839,160 texels (30 FPS) to 384,267 texels (60.0543 FPS), 1600 texels per scanline
+}}
+====Bandwidth====
+* RAM bandwidth:
+** VRAM: 196.148989&nbsp;MB/s (85‑bit)
+==List of games==
+* ''[[Out Run]]'' (1986)
+* ''[[Super Hang-On]]'' (1987)
+* ''[[Turbo OutRun]]'' (1989)
+* ''[[Limited Edition Hang-On]]'' (1991)
+==Magazine articles==
+{{mainArticle|{{PAGENAME}}/Magazine articles}}
+==Photo gallery==
 <gallery>
 OutrunHardware topboard.jpg|CPU board (top)
@@ Line 104: / Line 136: @@
 OutRun Arcade PCB VideoBoard Bottom.jpg|Video board (bottom)
 </gallery>
-==List of Games==
-* ''[[Out Run]]'' (1986)
-* ''[[Super Hang-On]]'' (1987)
-* ''[[Turbo OutRun]]'' (1989)
-* ''[[Limited Edition Hang-On]]'' (1991)
 ==References==
 {{multicol|
-<references />
+<references/>
 }}
 {{Sega Arcade Boards}}
 [[Category:Sega System series]]

Difference between revisions of "Sega OutRun hardware"

From Sega Retro

Revision as of 22:11, 25 July 2017

Contents

Technical specifications

Sega OutRun specifications

Sound

Graphics

Memory

Bandwidth

Turbo OutRun specifications

Graphics

Bandwidth

List of games

Magazine articles

Photo gallery

References