Difference between revisions of "Sega Y Board"
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− | | maker=[[Sega]] | + | | maker=[[Sega Enterprises, Ltd.]] |
− | | releases={{ | + | | releases={{releasesArcade |
− | | | + | | system_date_jp=1988-04 |
+ | | system_date_uk=1988-07 | ||
+ | | system_date_world=1988 | ||
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− | The '''Sega Y Board''' is an arcade system board released by [[Sega]] in 1988 | + | The '''Sega Y Board''' is an arcade system board released by [[Sega]] in 1988 as a successor to the [[Sega X Board]]. Like the X Board before it, the Y Board was known for its 3D [[sprite]]/texture manipulation capabilities. It is the fourth in the [[Super Scaler]] series of arcade boards, after the [[Sega Hang-On hardware]], [[Sega OutRun hardware]] and X Board. |
− | + | The Y Board is quite different to the X Board in terms of design, offering a third CPU and more advanced video hardware. The Y Board allows for real-time rotation of sprites as well as scaling. It also has more memory and a higher fillrate than its predecessor, and can display significantly more sprites/textures on screen. Unusually, the system uses no tile layers (but only a single bitmap plane is used for the background), so graphics are rendered using only sprites/textures (a design taken by [[SNK]] for their Neo-Geo hardware in 1990). | |
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− | + | The Y Board debuted with ''[[Galaxy Force]]'' in early 1988. It was succeeded by the [[Sega System 32]] in 1990. | |
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− | == | + | ==Technical specifications== |
+ | ===Y Board specifications=== | ||
+ | {{multicol| | ||
+ | * Board composition: CPU Board + Video Board | ||
+ | * [[wikipedia:Central processing unit|CPU]]: | ||
+ | :* Main CPU: 3× [[Motorola 68000|MC68000]] @ 12.5 MHz (16-bit & 32-bit instructions @ 6.563 MIPS) | ||
+ | ::* The first 68000 ("main" in MAME) has access to the sound hardware, I/O hardware, and 64KB RAM | ||
+ | ::* The second 68000 ("subx" in MAME) has access to the ysprites hardware, backup RAM and 16KB RAM | ||
+ | ::* The third 68000 ("suby" in MAME) has access to the bsprites hardware, ysprites full plane rotation, bsprites palette RAM, and 64KB RAM | ||
+ | ::* The three CPUs share 64KB of separate RAM for communication as well as the multiplier/divider hardware | ||
+ | :* Sound CPU: [[Zilog]] [[Z80]] @ 4 MHz (8-bit & 16-bit instructions @ 0.58 MIPS) with 2KB RAM | ||
+ | * [[wikipedia:Sound chip|Sound chip]]s: | ||
+ | :* [[wikipedia:Frequency modulation synthesis|FM synthesis]] chip: [[Yamaha YM2151]] @ 4 MHz (8 FM channels) | ||
+ | :* [[Pulse-code modulation|PCM]] sampling chip: [[SegaPCM]] (315-5218) @ 4 MHz ([[wikipedia:Stereophonic sound|stereo]] output, 16 PCM channels, [[wikipedia:Audio bit depth|12-bit audio]], 31.25 kHz [[wikipedia:Sampling rate|sampling rate]]) | ||
+ | * [[wikia:w:c:gaming:Graphics processing unit|GPU]]: Sega [[Super Scaler]] chipset{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | :* Graphics board: Sega 837-6566 Video Board @ 50 MHz (315-5196 sprite generator, 315-5213 sprite chip, 315-5242 color encoder, 315-5305 sprite generator, 2× 315-5306 video sync & rotation, 315-5312 video mixer) | ||
+ | :* Math processors: 315-5248 hardware multiplier, 315-5249 hardware divider | ||
+ | * Fixed-point arithmetic capabilities: [[wikipedia:Z-buffering|Z-buffering]], [[wikipedia:Depth map|depth map]]{{ref|[http://www.extentofthejam.com/pseudo/ Lou's Pseudo 3D Page]}} | ||
+ | * Memory: Up to 21.3672 [[Byte|MB]] (1232 [[Byte|KB]] main, 18.584 MB video, 1618 KB sound) | ||
+ | :* [[RAM]]: 824 KB, including 778 KB high-speed [[SRAM]] (Static RAM){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/tree/master/src/mame/drivers/segaxbd.cpp Sega X-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | ::* Main RAM: 208 KB (64 KB CPU 1, 16 KB CPU 2, 64 KB CPU 3, 64 KB shared) | ||
+ | ::* [[VRAM|Video RAM]]: 598 KB SRAM (64 KB Y-sprites, 4 KB B-sprites, 512 KB dual sprite [[wikipedia:Framebuffer|framebuffers]], 2 KB rotation, 16 KB color) | ||
+ | ::* Sound RAM: 18 KB SRAM (2 KB Z80, 16 KB SegaPCM) | ||
+ | :* [[ROM]]: Up to 20.5625 MB (1 MB main, 18 MB video, 1600 KB sound){{ref|[http://mamedb.blu-ferret.co.uk/game/gloc G-LOC Air Battle (US) (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | * [[wikipedia:Display resolution|Video resolution]]: 320×224 (display), 342×262 (overscan),{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} progressive scan | ||
+ | :* [[wikipedia:Scan line|Scanlines]]: 224 (display), 262 (overscan) | ||
+ | * Refresh rate: 59.6368–60 Hz ([[wikipedia:V-sync|V-sync]]){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | :* Maximum frame rate: 59.6368–60 FPS | ||
+ | * [[Palette|Color palette]]: 2,097,152 (4096 palette banks with 512 colors each), to 16,777,216 with effects (shadow & highlight, luminosity, palette fade) | ||
+ | :* Colors on screen: 24,576 (unique colors), to 71,680 (320×224) with luminosity and palette fade{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | * Video hardware: | ||
+ | :* Two sprite planes with fixed [[wikipedia:Z-order|Z-order]] | ||
+ | :* Lower sprite plane ("ysprites" in MAME): full scaling and rotation; also the entire plane can be rotated as a whole | ||
+ | ::* Palettes are stored alongside the sprite table; sprite table entries hold a pointer to the palette, which itself is stored as an table of palette indirection values (?) | ||
+ | :* Higher sprite plane ("bsprites" in MAME): standard [[Sega System 16B]] sprite plane | ||
+ | * Graphical planes: Three layers | ||
+ | :* B-sprite (front plane) layer: Priority on top, based on [[Sega System 16|System 16B]] (line buffer) sprite system | ||
+ | :* Y-sprite (back plane) layer: Plugs into a full-screen rotation, large [[wikipedia:Fillrate|fillrate]], double-buffered [[wikipedia:Framebuffer|framebuffers]] (based on X Board) that can be fully rotated{{intref|Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)}} | ||
+ | :* Sky gradient (background) layer: [[wikipedia:Bitmap|Bitmap]] plane | ||
+ | * [[Sprite|Sprite/texture]] capabilities: [[wikipedia:Linked list|Linked list]] of sprites, shadow & highlight, palette fade, color rotations, different levels of luminosity, full sprite zooming & scaling on both sprite planes, full sprite framebuffer rotation on Y-sprite plane, [[wikipedia:Double buffering|double buffering]], double-buffered line buffer on B-plane (512 pixels), double-buffered [[wikipedia:Framebuffer|framebuffer]] on Y-plane{{intref|Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)}}{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}}{{ref|[https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/old/src/mame/video/segaic16.c Sega 16‑Bit Common Hardware], [[MAME]]}} | ||
+ | :* Sprite size/resolution: 8×8 to 512×512 [[wikipedia:Pixel|pixels]]{{ref|[https://github.com/bji/libmame/blob/master/src/mame/video/segaybd.c Sega Y-Board Hardware (Video)], [[MAME]]}} | ||
+ | :* Colors per sprite/texture: 16 to 512 | ||
+ | * Sprites/textures per frame: 2176 | ||
+ | :* Y sprites: 2048 sprites/textures, 64 KB attribute RAM (32 KB bank per framebuffer), 16 bytes per entry{{intref|Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)}} | ||
+ | :* B sprites: 256 sprites/textures, 4 KB attribute RAM, 16 bytes per entry{{intref|Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)}} | ||
+ | :* Sprites/textures per second: 2176 (1 FPS) to 130,560 (60 FPS) | ||
+ | * Y-plane framebuffer [[fillrate]]: 50 [[Pixel|MPixels/s]] | ||
+ | :* Y-plane clock rate: 50 MHz | ||
+ | :* Maximum texels per scanline: 3200 | ||
+ | :* Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 400 | ||
+ | * B-plane line buffer fillrate: 12.5874 MPixels/s{{intref|Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)}}{{intref|Sega Pre-System 16 hardware notes (2004-03-29)}} | ||
+ | :* B-plane clock rate: 12.5874 MHz | ||
+ | :* Maximum texels per scanline: 800 | ||
+ | :* Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 100 | ||
+ | * Overall fillrate: 62.5874 MPixels/s | ||
+ | :* Maximum texels per scanline: 4000 | ||
+ | :* Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 500 | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===''Galaxy Force II'' specifications=== | ||
+ | ''[[Galaxy Force II]]'' featured the following upgrades in mid-1988:{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{multicol| | ||
+ | * CPU: | ||
+ | :* Main CPU: 3× [[Motorola 68000|MC68000]] @ 12.5 MHz (16-bit & 32-bit instructions @ 6.563 MIPS) | ||
+ | :* Sound CPU: [[Zilog Z80|Z80]] @ 4 MHz (8-bit & 16-bit instructions @ 0.58 MIPS) | ||
+ | :* Motor CPU: Z80 @ 8 MHz (8-bit & 16-bit instructions @ 1.16 MIPS) | ||
+ | * Memory: Up to 21.4 [[Byte|MB]] (1232 [[Byte|KB]] main, 18.584 MB video, 1618 KB sound, 32 KB motor) | ||
+ | :* [[RAM]]: 856 KB, including 778 KB high-speed [[SRAM]] (Static RAM){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | ::* Main RAM: 208 KB | ||
+ | ::* [[VRAM|Video RAM]]: 598 KB SRAM | ||
+ | ::* Sound RAM: 18 KB SRAM | ||
+ | ::* Motor RAM: 32 KB | ||
+ | :* [[ROM]]: Up to 20.5625 MB (1 MB main, 18 MB video, 1600 KB sound) | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===''Power Drift'' specifications=== | ||
+ | ''[[Power Drift]]'' featured the following upgrades in late 1988:{{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{multicol| | ||
+ | *Board composition: CPU Board + Video Board + Network/Link Board (16 MHz) | ||
+ | * CPU: | ||
+ | :* Main CPU: 3× [[Motorola 68000|MC68000]] @ 12.5 MHz (16-bit & 32-bit instructions @ 6.563 MIPS) | ||
+ | :* Sound CPU: [[Zilog Z80|Z80]] @ 4 MHz (8-bit & 16-bit instructions @ 0.58 MIPS) | ||
+ | :* Link CPU: Z80 @ @ 8 MHz (8-bit & 16-bit instructions @ 1.16 MIPS) | ||
+ | *Link [[wikipedia:Microcontroller|MCU]]: Fujitsu Multi-Protocol Controller (including DMA controller and Interrupt controller) | ||
+ | * Memory: Up to 21.4 [[Byte|MB]] (1232 [[Byte|KB]] main, 18.584 MB video, 1618 KB sound, 10.25 KB link) | ||
+ | :* [[RAM]]: 834.25 KB, including 788.25 KB high-speed [[SRAM]] (Static RAM){{ref|[https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaybd.cpp Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)]}} | ||
+ | ::* Main RAM: 208 KB | ||
+ | ::* [[VRAM|Video RAM]]: 598 KB SRAM | ||
+ | ::* Sound RAM: 18 KB SRAM | ||
+ | ::* Link RAM: 10.25 KB SRAM (8 KB SRAM, 2 KB [[wikipedia:Dual-ported RAM|Dual-Port]] SRAM) | ||
+ | :* [[ROM]]: Up to 20.5625 MB (1 MB main, 18 MB video, 1600 KB sound) | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==List of games== | ||
+ | {{CargoReleaseList | ||
+ | | table=releases | ||
+ | | query=console="ybd" | ||
+ | | orderby=date | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Production credits== | ||
+ | {{creditstable| | ||
+ | *[[Hiroshi Yagi]] | ||
+ | *[[Kazuhiko Hamada]] | ||
+ | | source=Developer mentions{{ref|https://web.archive.org/web/20210205150032/https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20210126043/}}{{magref|ssmjp|1995-06|65}} | ||
+ | | console=Arcade | ||
+ | }} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Magazine articles== | ||
+ | {{mainArticle|{{PAGENAME}}/Magazine articles}} | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Photo gallery== | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
− | + | YBoard topPCB.jpg|PCB (top) | |
− | + | YBoard bottomPCB.jpg|PCB (bottom) | |
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==References== | ||
+ | <references/> | ||
{{Sega Arcade Boards}} | {{Sega Arcade Boards}} | ||
− | [[Category:Sega System | + | [[Category:Sega System series]] |
Latest revision as of 08:01, 16 November 2024
Sega Y Board | |||||||||||||||||
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Manufacturer: Sega Enterprises, Ltd. | |||||||||||||||||
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The Sega Y Board is an arcade system board released by Sega in 1988 as a successor to the Sega X Board. Like the X Board before it, the Y Board was known for its 3D sprite/texture manipulation capabilities. It is the fourth in the Super Scaler series of arcade boards, after the Sega Hang-On hardware, Sega OutRun hardware and X Board.
The Y Board is quite different to the X Board in terms of design, offering a third CPU and more advanced video hardware. The Y Board allows for real-time rotation of sprites as well as scaling. It also has more memory and a higher fillrate than its predecessor, and can display significantly more sprites/textures on screen. Unusually, the system uses no tile layers (but only a single bitmap plane is used for the background), so graphics are rendered using only sprites/textures (a design taken by SNK for their Neo-Geo hardware in 1990).
The Y Board debuted with Galaxy Force in early 1988. It was succeeded by the Sega System 32 in 1990.
Contents
Technical specifications
Y Board specifications
- Board composition: CPU Board + Video Board
- CPU:
- Main CPU: 3× MC68000 @ 12.5 MHz (16-bit & 32-bit instructions @ 6.563 MIPS)
- The first 68000 ("main" in MAME) has access to the sound hardware, I/O hardware, and 64KB RAM
- The second 68000 ("subx" in MAME) has access to the ysprites hardware, backup RAM and 16KB RAM
- The third 68000 ("suby" in MAME) has access to the bsprites hardware, ysprites full plane rotation, bsprites palette RAM, and 64KB RAM
- The three CPUs share 64KB of separate RAM for communication as well as the multiplier/divider hardware
- FM synthesis chip: Yamaha YM2151 @ 4 MHz (8 FM channels)
- PCM sampling chip: SegaPCM (315-5218) @ 4 MHz (stereo output, 16 PCM channels, 12-bit audio, 31.25 kHz sampling rate)
- GPU: Sega Super Scaler chipset[1]
- Graphics board: Sega 837-6566 Video Board @ 50 MHz (315-5196 sprite generator, 315-5213 sprite chip, 315-5242 color encoder, 315-5305 sprite generator, 2× 315-5306 video sync & rotation, 315-5312 video mixer)
- Math processors: 315-5248 hardware multiplier, 315-5249 hardware divider
- Fixed-point arithmetic capabilities: Z-buffering, depth map[2]
- Memory: Up to 21.3672 MB (1232 KB main, 18.584 MB video, 1618 KB sound)
-
- Main RAM: 208 KB (64 KB CPU 1, 16 KB CPU 2, 64 KB CPU 3, 64 KB shared)
- Video RAM: 598 KB SRAM (64 KB Y-sprites, 4 KB B-sprites, 512 KB dual sprite framebuffers, 2 KB rotation, 16 KB color)
- Sound RAM: 18 KB SRAM (2 KB Z80, 16 KB SegaPCM)
- Video resolution: 320×224 (display), 342×262 (overscan),[1] progressive scan
- Scanlines: 224 (display), 262 (overscan)
- Maximum frame rate: 59.6368–60 FPS
- Color palette: 2,097,152 (4096 palette banks with 512 colors each), to 16,777,216 with effects (shadow & highlight, luminosity, palette fade)
- Colors on screen: 24,576 (unique colors), to 71,680 (320×224) with luminosity and palette fade[1]
- Video hardware:
- Two sprite planes with fixed Z-order
- Lower sprite plane ("ysprites" in MAME): full scaling and rotation; also the entire plane can be rotated as a whole
- Palettes are stored alongside the sprite table; sprite table entries hold a pointer to the palette, which itself is stored as an table of palette indirection values (?)
- Higher sprite plane ("bsprites" in MAME): standard Sega System 16B sprite plane
- Graphical planes: Three layers
- B-sprite (front plane) layer: Priority on top, based on System 16B (line buffer) sprite system
- Y-sprite (back plane) layer: Plugs into a full-screen rotation, large fillrate, double-buffered framebuffers (based on X Board) that can be fully rotated[5]
- Sky gradient (background) layer: Bitmap plane
- Sprite/texture capabilities: Linked list of sprites, shadow & highlight, palette fade, color rotations, different levels of luminosity, full sprite zooming & scaling on both sprite planes, full sprite framebuffer rotation on Y-sprite plane, double buffering, double-buffered line buffer on B-plane (512 pixels), double-buffered framebuffer on Y-plane[6][1][7]
- Sprites/textures per frame: 2176
- Y-plane clock rate: 50 MHz
- Maximum texels per scanline: 3200
- Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 400
- B-plane clock rate: 12.5874 MHz
- Maximum texels per scanline: 800
- Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 100
- Overall fillrate: 62.5874 MPixels/s
- Maximum texels per scanline: 4000
- Maximum sprites/textures per scanline: 500
Galaxy Force II specifications
Galaxy Force II featured the following upgrades in mid-1988:[1]
- CPU:
Power Drift specifications
Power Drift featured the following upgrades in late 1988:[1]
- Board composition: CPU Board + Video Board + Network/Link Board (16 MHz)
- CPU:
List of games
- Galaxy Force (1988)
- Galaxy Force II (1988)
- Power Drift (1988)
- G-LOC: Air Battle (1990)
- Strike Fighter (1991)
- Rail Chase (1991)
Production credits
Magazine articles
- Main article: Sega Y Board/Magazine articles.
Photo gallery
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 Sega Y-board hardware (MAME)
- ↑ Lou's Pseudo 3D Page
- ↑ Sega X-board hardware (MAME)
- ↑ G-LOC Air Battle (US) (MAME)
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Sega "X-Board" hardware notes (2004-12-03)
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Sega System 16B hardware notes (2003-01-12)
- ↑ Sega 16‑Bit Common Hardware, MAME
- ↑ Sega Y-Board Hardware (Video), MAME
- ↑ Sega Pre-System 16 hardware notes (2004-03-29)
- ↑ https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20210126043/ (Wayback Machine: 2021-02-05 15:00)
- ↑ Sega Saturn Magazine, "June 1995" (JP; 1995-05-08), page 65
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