Primal Rage

n/a

32X Mega Drive Saturn Game Gear
Primal Rage
System(s): Sega Mega Drive, Sega 32X, Sega Game Gear, Sega Saturn
Publisher: Time Warner Interactive (US, EU) Sega Game Bank (JP)
Developer: Probe Entertainment Time Warner Interactive
Licensor: Atari Games
Original system(s): Arcade boards
Sound driver: Probe/Andy Brock
Peripherals supported: Six Button Control Pad Gear-to-Gear Cable
Genre: Fighting Action/Kakutou Action (格闘アクション), Action
Number of players: 1-2
Official in-game languages: English English Français Deutsch Español Português Italiano
Release Date RRP Code US 1995-08-25 $59.9959.99 T-48426 301108-0150 EU 1995-08-25 T-48426-50 PT 199x MDJ48426 UK 1995-08-25 £49.9949.99 T-48426-50 FI 199x SE (Rental) 199x PL 1995 200zł200 AU 1995 FPRI07SMC AU (Big box) 1995 FPRI07SMC BR 199x 047130 RU 199x JP 1998-03-26 ¥5,8005,800 T-18614G US 1996-06-14 T-4802H 301108-0120 EU 1996-08 T-4802H-50 DE 1996-08 T-4802H-50 PT 199x STJTW0468 UK 1996-08 £44.9944.99 T-4802H-50 PL 1996 219zł219 AU 199x US 1995-08-25 $29.9929.99 T-48218 301108-0161 EU 1995-08-25 T-48218-50 UK 1995-08-25 £29.9929.99 T-48218-50 US 1995-11-14 $69.9969.99 84705 EU 1996-03 MK-84705 UK 1996-03 £44.9944.99 MK-84705
Non-Sega versions Amiga (AGA) Arcade Game Boy IBM PC Jaguar CD PlayStation Super NES
ESRA

Primal Rage (プライマルレイジ) is a 1994 arcade fighting game by Atari Games. The following year, the game saw ports to the Sega Mega Drive, Sega 32X, Sega Game Gear, and Sega Saturn, amongst other platforms, developed by Probe Entertainment and published by Time Warner Interactive (with the exception of the 32X version which, like T-MEK, was published by Sega instead).

The Japanese Saturn version, released nearly two years after the Western releases, is notable for being the only port of that time to be released under the Midway Manufacturing name, removing any mention of Time Warner Interactive as the company had been absorbed into Midway's home division a few years prior.

A Sega Mega-CD 32X version was planned, but cancelled.

Story

A massive meteor strike has devastated Earth. Human civilization comes to an end in the ensuing cataclysms and humanity regresses into tribes of Stone Age dwellers. A primordial rainforest covers the land and the continental landmass has shifted into the shape of a fire-breathing dinosaur skull. The planet is now primitively referred to as "Urth" by the survivors of the cataclysms. Seven fearsome creatures with supernatural abilities emerge from their slumber deep within the Urth's crust, and become worshiped as gods by the humans, who form segregated clans beneath the ones they follow. The beasts themselves are divided between those who wish to keep peace on Urth, and those who attempt to plunge the world into further chaos for their own benefit.

Gameplay

Character select

Urth

Primal Rage is a two-dimensional fighting game in which two players select characters resembling prehistoric beasts to battle each other in one-on-one combat for dominance of post-apocalyptic "Urth." Characters were created from models and stop-motion animation. The goal is to deplete the opposing character's health bar before the player's own runs out, with matches played to the best of three rounds. The health bar is depicted as an artery attached to a heart that beats faster as damage is taken (exploding upon defeat). Each character also has a stun bar, depicted as a spinal cord attached to a brain, that shows how close the character is to being dizzied. After an opponent is defeated, a brief moment is allowed for the player to perform a finishing move to end the match in a more dramatic fashion, similar to Mortal Kombat.

During fights, human tribesmen wander in the background to worship the combatants as gods. Performing a combo or getting dizzied causes a worshiper to run into the foreground, where the creatures can devour them to regain health. Players can have up to three worshipers, depending on their score.

In the single-player arcade mode, the player selects any character and faces with a series of fights against computer-controlled beasts of increasing difficulty. There are 16 selectable difficulty levels. The player gains dominion over each portion of Urth as opponents are defeated. Instead of a final boss, the final battle (accessible only at difficulty level 7 or higher in the Mega Drive and 32X versions or difficulty level 10 or higher in the Saturn version) consists of fighting all the other monsters one at a time in a single battle. Opponents that were previously defeated with a finishing move take more damage from attacks. This match has no time limit, and the character does not gain any health back in between opponents. However, the fight is preceded by a "feast" mini-game where the character can increase his or her health bar by eating as many worshipers as possible within a time limit. A second player can challenge the first at any time by pressing  START , with the winner continuing the game. The game also has a single-player training mode, where the player can practice against a dummy opponent with infinite health, and a two-player versus mode, where two players can battle each other (with settable handicaps for each player).

The Saturn version features two additional two-player modes, Tug of War and Endurance. In Tug of War, the character's health bars are replaced by a single shared "Tug of War" bar. Inflicting damage on the opponent fills the bar with the player's color; covering the entire bar with the player's color wins the match. There are no rounds or time limit. In Endurance, players picks four characters each and fight until one player's characters have all been defeated.

Characters move with or and duck with . They jump with and jump backward or forward with or . They can jump faster and farther after holding for a moment. There are "upper" and "lower" attacks, which vary depending on the character. Upper attacks typically consist of high punches, slashes, or chomps. Lower attacks typically consist of low punches, kicks, or tail whips. Characters perform an upper attack with (quick) or (fierce) and a lower attack with (quick) or (fierce). Quick attacks are faster, while fierce attacks do more damage. Holding both the quick and fierce buttons together (+ for upper or + for lower) performs a "power" attack that does more damage.

Unlike most fighting games, where the special moves are performed by moving the D-Pad followed by pressing one or more buttons, Primal Rage features a system where the player holds down certain buttons, performs the directional movements, then releases the buttons to execute the attack. Grapples and finishing moves are done using similar button combinations. Blocking is done by holding the D-Pad away from the opponent when standing or crouching. Not all special moves can be blocked. Some health and stun damage is still taken when blocking, but it is reduced. Characters are momentarily stunned when their stun bar is filled, though the bar recovers quickly when not taking damage. Taking a large amount of damage in a short time against an opponent with a considerable health lead can trigger a "Berserk" mode where the character does significantly more damage for 20 seconds.

In the Mega Drive and 32X versions, when playing with a Six Button Control Pad, special moves can be mapped to or . Each character has three mappable special moves, and the player can pick two of them to use in the options. When playing with a standard three-button control pad, upper quick is  START , upper fierce is , lower quick is , and lower fierce is (and there are no shortcuts for special moves).

In the Saturn version, an upper power attack can be done with or a lower power attack can be done with , rather than needing to hold two buttons simultaneously. These buttons can be used for special moves that require pushing multiple buttons simultaneously.

In the Game Gear version, characters only have an upper quick attack with and a lower fierce attack with .

Characters

Move lists assume the player is facing right. If facing left, and should be reversed.

The game uses a numeric notation for its moves: upper quick () is 1, upper fierce () is 2, lower quick () is 3, and lower fierce () is 4.

Finishing moves can be done at any distance; the character automatically moves into the correct range before starting the move.

The Mega Drive and 32X versions of the game allows the player to assign the special moves marked as Special 1, Special 2, or Special 3 to or in the options.

The Game Gear version omits Vertigo.

The Virtuous Beasts

This faction wants to maintain peace on Urth.

	Sauron
	Sauron is the Tyrannosaur-like god of hunger. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Primal Scream (Special 1) HOLD 1+3 Sauron roars, surrounding himself in a protective sphere that does stun damage and can knock opponents down. Earthquake Stomp (Special 2) HOLD 1+2+4 Sauron jumps and stomps the ground, sending grounded opponents flying. The opponent takes damage when launched, not when landing. This move is unblockable but can be avoided by jumping. Cranium Crusher (Special 3) HOLD 1+4 Sauron flies diagonally upward with a headbutt that can knock opponents down. Leaping Bone Bash HOLD 2+3 Sauron pounces to his opponent and gnaws them. This move is unblockable but can be avoided by jumping. Stun Roar HOLD 1+3 Sauron roars out a projectile that does light health damage but significant stun damage. Neck Throw HOLD 2+4 (close) Sauron bites his opponent on the neck and hurls them behind him. Air Throw 2+4 in midair (close) Sauron bites his opponent in midair and throws them against the ground. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Sauron chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Carnage HOLD 1+2+3+4 Sauron bites his opponent's neck and shakes them repeatedly. Flesh Eating HOLD 1+3 , then HOLD 1+2+3+4 Sauron rips and eats his opponent after they fall.
	Talon
	Talon is the Raptor-like god of survival. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Brain Basher (Special 1) HOLD 2+3 Talon jumps high into the air and lands on his opponent's head with a stomp. Pounce and Flip (Special 2) HOLD 2+3 Talon runs toward his opponent, then jumps on them and mauls them. Frantic Fury (Special 3) HOLD 1+4 Talon spins around, slashing his claws, until the player releases the attack buttons or until he hits the opponent. Slasher HOLD 1+3+4 Talon steps forward with two claw swipes. Face Ripper HOLD 2+4 (close) Talon jumps on his opponent and bites them several times. Jugular Bite HOLD 2+4 during combo Talon bites his opponent's neck, then tosses them. This move is unblockable and can only be done as part of a combo. Run HOLD 1+3 or Talon moves forwards or backwards faster. He cannot jump while running. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Talon chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Heart Wrenching HOLD 1+3+4 Talon tears his opponent open with his claw and pulls out their heart to eat. Shredder HOLD 1+4 Talon shreds his opponent with his claws.
	Vertigo
	Vertigo is the cobra-like goddess of insanity. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Voodoo Spell (Special 1) HOLD 2+3 Vertigo casts a spell in front of her that instantly stuns her opponent. This move is unblockable but can be avoided by jumping. Venom Spit (Slow) (Special 2) HOLD 2+4 Vertigo spits slow-moving venom across the screen. Venom Spit (Fast) HOLD 1+3 Vertigo spits fast-moving venom across the screen. Teleport (Special 3) HOLD 2+4 Vertigo disappears and reappears behind her opponent. Come Slither HOLD 1+3 Vertigo grabs her opponent with her tail and drags them toward her. The move does not connect if she is too close to her opponent. Scorpion Sting HOLD 2+3 Vertigo stings her opponent with the end of her tail, which knocks opponents down. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Vertigo chomps human worshipers to restore some of her health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Petrify HOLD 2+4 , then HOLD 1+2+3+4 Vertigo casts a spell that petrifies her opponent, then smashes the resulting stone figure into pieces with her tail. Shrink and Eat HOLD 2+4 , then HOLD 1+2+3+4 Vertigo casts a spell that shrinks her opponent, then eats them.
	Blizzard
	Blizzard is the ape-like god of good. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Mega Punch (Short) (Special 1) HOLD 1+3 Blizzard winds up and steps forward with a punch. He has a brief period of invincibility at the beginning of the move. Mega Punch (Long) HOLD 2+4 Blizzard winds up and steps forward with a punch. This move travels faster and does slightly more damage than the short punch. He has a brief period of invincibility at the beginning of the move. Mega Punch (Quick) HOLD 1+2+3+4 Blizzard winds up and steps forward with a punch. He punches faster than the other punches but recovers slower. He has a brief period of invincibility at the beginning of the move. Mega Punch (Fake) HOLD 1+3 Blizzard winds up but does not punch to fake-out an opponent. Freeze Breath (Special 2) HOLD 1+2+4 Blizzard breathes an ice projectile that freezes his opponent in place for a few seconds or until hit. Ice Geyser HOLD 1+2+4 (close) Blizzard summons an ice geyser into the air that freezes his opponent. The geyser does not appear if an opponent is not within range. Punching Bag HOLD 1+4 Blizzard grabs his opponent by the throat. While holding the opponent, Blizzard can follow up with 11111 to punch them, 2 to knock them far away, 3 to launch them into the air, or 4 to launch them high into the air. Ground Throw (Special 3) HOLD 2+3 (close) Blizzard grabs his opponent, jumps, and throws them into the ground. Air Throw 2+3 in midair (close) Blizzard grabs his opponent in midair and throws them against the ground. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Blizzard chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Brain Bash HOLD 1+2+4 Blizzard bashes his opponent into the ground with alternating fists until their brains bash out. To-Da-Moon HOLD 1+2+3+4 Blizzard grabs and pummels his opponent, then winds up a punch that sends them flying to the background.

The Destructive Beasts

This faction wants to plunge the world into further chaos.

	Chaos
	Chaos is the ape-like god of decay. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Grab and Throw (Special 1) HOLD 2+4 (close) Chaos grabs his opponent by their throat and throws them over his back. Power Puke (Slow) HOLD 2+3 Chaos pukes out a slow-moving vomit projectile that travels across the screen. It does low health damage but fair stun damage. Power Puke (Fast) (Special 2) HOLD 1+4 Chaos pukes out a fast-moving vomit projectile that travels across the screen. It does low health damage but fair stun damage. Ground Shaker (Special 3) HOLD 2+3 Chaos jumps and slams the ground, sending grounded opponents flying. The opponent takes damage when launched, not when landing. This move is unblockable but can be avoided by jumping. Fart of Fury HOLD 2+3 Chaos farts a toxic cloud that instantly stuns his opponent. Flying Butt Slam HOLD 2+4 Chaos jumps high into the air, then lands on his opponent with a butt slam. This move can be blocked while standing but not while crouching. Battering Ram HOLD 1+3 Chaos charges forward with a shoulder ram. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Chaos chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Golden Shower HOLD 1+3 , then HOLD 1+2+3+4 Chaos urinates on his opponent, which melts their flesh. Cannonball HOLD 1+2+3+4 Chaos jumps into the water in the background. This move can only be done on stages with water.
	Armadon
	Armadon is the Ceratopian/Thyreophoran-like god of life. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Bed-O-Nails (Special 1) HOLD 2+3 Armadon curls into a spiked ball that damages opponents on contact. Iron Maiden (Special 2) HOLD 2+3 Armadon jumps to his opponent and lands on them with his spiked back. This move is unblockable but can be avoided by jumping. Horn Uppercut (Special 3) HOLD 1+2+3 Armadon rises into the air with his horn. Mega Charge HOLD 1+3 Armadon charges his opponent and rams them with his horn. Gut Gouger HOLD 1+2+3 (close) Armadon gouges his opponent with his horn, then throws them behind him. Spinning Death HOLD 1+4 Armadon curls into a ball and spins forward. Flying Spikes HOLD 2+4 Armadon bends forward and shoots spikes across the screen from his tail. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Armadon chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Gut Fling HOLD 1+2+3 Armadon gores his opponent with his horn. Meditation HOLD 1+2+3+4 Armadon curls into a ball, and his horns generate electricity that fries his opponent.
	Diablo
	Diablo is the Tyrannosaur-like god of evil. Move list (Special moves) Name Command Description Torch (Special 1) HOLD 1+3 Diablo breathes fire that fries and momentarily stuns his opponent. The player has to hold 1+3 for a second for the ability to have its effect. Hot Foot (Special 2) HOLD 2+4 Diablo breathes a burst of fire at the ground, which sweeps his opponent. It can only be blocked while crouching. Inferno Flash (Special 3) HOLD 2+3+4 Diablo disappears and reappears behind his opponent. Fireball (Slow) HOLD 2+4 Diablo breathes a slow-moving fireball across the screen. Fireball (Fast) HOLD 1+3 Diablo breathes a fast-moving fireball across the screen. Mega Lunge HOLD 1+4 Diablo charges head first toward his opponent and knocks them upward. Pulverization HOLD 1+4 Diablo jumps high into the air and lands on his opponent with multiple stomps. Human Chomp HOLD 1+2+3+4 Diablo chomps human worshipers to restore some of his health. Move list (Finishing moves) Name Command Description Incinerator HOLD 1+2+3+4 Diablo incinerates his opponent into a pile of bones with his fire breath. Fireballs HOLD 1+2+3+4 In the Saturn version, Diablo shoots a single large fireball that fries his opponent. In the Mega Drive and 32X versions, Diablo fires three smaller fireballs that burn his opponent.

Stages

Main article: Primal Rage/Comparisons.

There are seven stages where fighting takes place, each representing one of the character's domains.

The Game Gear version omits Vertigo's stage, the Tomb.

The Cove

Stage of Sauron.

The Strip

Stage of Talon.

The Tomb

Stage of Vertigo.

The Cliff

Stage of Blizzard.

The Ruins

Stage of Chaos.

The Hollows

Stage of Armadon.

The Inferno

Stage of Diablo.

Final Battle Ground

The final fight against every character in the game in a row takes place in this stage.

History

Release

Home console versions of Primal Rage debuted on the 25th August 1995 in the US (backed by an $8 million USD marketing budget) and Europe; dubbed "Primal Rage Day" by publisher Time Warner Interactive. Across all platforms (Mega Drive, Game Gear, Super NES, Game Boy, and IBM PC), 1 million copies were sold worldwide on launch day, with higher-end machines (including the 32X and Saturn) having to wait until November 14 for their launches.

For subscribers of the US Sega Channel, a "limited" version of Primal Rage was made available between the 1st and 24th of August, with the full game being made available for 24 hours on the 25th. On the 26th, a different build of the game was put up, which, if completed, would present players with an 800 number which could lead to players receiving prizes. 24% of subscribers took part in the event.

There were reports of the game being removed from the shelves of some stores after a mother caught her 11-year-old son playing the Mega Drive version of Primal Rage and executing Chaos' Golden Shower finishing move, in which Chaos urinates on the opponent with urine so acidic that it melts away his opponent's flesh, leaving only the bones. The mother was so disgusted by this that she not only returned the game but launched a "grass roots" campaign that caused the game to be removed from some stores at various locations (for all platforms, even the Super NES version, which had this finishing move censored).

Versions

Mega Drive version

The Mega Drive version of Primal Rage was handled by Probe Entertainment, who had previously produced similar conversions of Mortal Kombat II for home consoles (including the Mega Drive). It is based on version 1.9 of the arcade game.

While Primal Rage on the Mega Drive retains all of the moves from the arcade version (albeit sometimes in slightly altered forms), in order to fit the game onto a 32 megabit (4MB) cartridge, the number of frames of animation were cut drastically. Sauron, for example, went from 943 frames in total, to around 180.

The sprites and colors were scaled to fit the limitations of the Mega Drive hardware. While most of the combos from version 2.3 of the arcade game were carried over, the port is more based upon the older arcade versions 1.7 or 1.9. Attacks and finishing moves exclusive to version 2.3 were not included. Combos work much like that of the 2.3 version, but there are some differences. Talon's Shredder finishing move follows the older versions of the arcade game (rather than leaving the opponent standing mangled and cut-up as in 2.3, blood flies everywhere like in the older arcade versions). Diablo's Fireball finishing move is different from the arcade version (instead of firing a gigantic fireball at his opponent like in the arcade, he fires three small fireballs that spin and fry around his opponent).

The port has adds the ability to customize the controller, when using a Six Button Control Pad, to map two buttons to different special attacks. There are three special attacks for each character available on the options to choose from. Probe Software founder Fergus McGovern makes an appearance in an Easter egg, as he did in the company's port of Mortal Kombat II.

32X version

The 32X version builds on what was seen on the Mega Drive, though it uses the new hardware to deliver more colourful character sprites and more arcade-accurate backgrounds (powered by the Mega Drive, but without the need to reserve colours for characters and other visual elements). Sound effects are also improved.

In this version, the "Okay Right?" cheat is removed from the cheat menu.

Saturn version

On the Saturn, Primal Rage is far closer to its arcade counterpart, but still makes sacrifices to better suit the hardware. Some frames of animation are missing, as are certain sound effects. Differences in horizontal screen resolution result in slight changes to sprite sizes: the arcade has an internal resolution of 336x240, while the Saturn version uses 352x240.

The Sega Saturn port is nearly the same as the PlayStation port but has some exclusive features. Both versions add a full-motion video opening cutscene, but the Saturn version also contains FMV introductory and ending cutscenes for each character. There is an option to disable the FMV to resemble the other ports (which restores the arcade endings). However, the Saturn version does not display combo names like the PlayStation version does and also suffers from long loading times. Most of the problems relating to music and animations present in the PlayStation version were fixed in the Saturn version. Some of the sound effects are missing. Like the PlayStation version, Blizzard's death and win sounds are switched. The AI is much closer to the arcade version 2.3.

drx of hidden-palace.org released an alpha build of the Sega Saturn port of Primal Rage in May 2010.

Game Gear version

Most of the changes for this port are identical to those of the Game Boy port, though the Game Gear version is in color. Vertigo was excluded, many moves and combos were removed, and each character only has one finishing move. However, the Game Gear version retains the Golden Shower finishing move for Chaos, which was replaced with an acidic puking finishing move in the Game Boy port.

Production credits

Mega Drive version

Original Coin-Op Development

• Producer and Programmer: Dennis Harper
• Programmer/Designer: Frank Kuan
• Art Director: Jason Leong
• Game Designer: J. Cameron Petty
• Audio Designer: Jeanne Parson
• Associate Producer: Steve Riesenberger

Consumer Development

• Senior Producer: Ken Humphries
• Associate Producer: Tom MacDevitt
• TWI Game Testers: John Arvay Jr., Rob Boone, Kevin Filson, Mike Kruse
• Product Marketing Manager: John Golden
• Manual: Jon Mongelluzzo
• Special Thanks: John Fisher, Curtis Soldano, Derryl DePriest

Probe Entertainment

• Programmer: Cameron Sheppard
• Artist: Terry Ford
• Musician: Andy Brock
• QA Manager: Gary Patino
• Producer: Robert O'Farrell
• Testers: Nick McGee, Mike Movell, Mark Viccary, James Brown, Cliff Ramsey
• Producer: Robert O'Farrell
• Assistant Producers: James Stewart, James Bradstock
• Special Thanks: Ralor Knight, Keith Burkhill

Source:

US manual

32X version

Original Coin-Op Development

• Producer and Programmer: Dennis Harper
• Programmer/Designer: Frank Kuan
• Art Director: Jason Leong
• Game Designer: J. Cameron Petty
• Audio Designer: Jeanne Parson
• Associate Producer: Steve Riesenberger

Consumer Development

• Senior Producer: Ken Humphries
• Associate Producer: Tom MacDevitt
• Test Manager: Curtis Soldano
• TWI Game Testers: John Arvay Jr., Rob Boone, Kevin Filson, Mike Kruse
• Product Marketing Manager: John Golden
• Manual: Jon Mongelluzzo
• Special Thanks: John Fisher, Derryl DePriest

Probe Entertainment

• Producer: Robert O'Farrell
• Assistant Producers: James Stewart, Tim Bradstock
• Programmer: Cameron Sheppard
• Artist: Terry Ford
• Musician: Andy Brock
• QA Manager: Gary Patino
• Producer: Robert O'Farrell
• Testers: Nick McGee, Mike Movell, Mark Viccary, James Brown, Cliff Ramsey
• Special Thanks: Ralor Knight, Keith Burkhill
• Sega Special Thanks to: Steve Ackrich, Joy Sneer, Jane Chaney, J. Tony Smith, Brian Paw, Steve Goodale, Jeff Gregg, Earl Malit, Curtis Clarkson

Source:

US manual

Saturn version

Consumer Development

• Senior Producer: Ken Humphries
• Associate Producer: Tom MacDevitt
• Cinematic Sequences: Providence Studios, George Salazar, James Wigdahl, Steve Gefrom, Robert Evans
• Test Manager: Curtis Soldano
• TWI Game Testers: Rob Boone, Kevin Filson, Mike Kruse
• Product Marketing Manager: John Golden
• Manual: Jon Mongelluzzo
• Manual Design: Morgan Haire
• Special Thanks: John Fisher, Chris Tang, Norman Manes, Derryl DePriest, Brian Fritts

Probe Entertainment

• Programmer: Keith Birkett
• Artist: Terry Ford
• Musician: Stuart McDonald
• QA Manager: Cliff Ramsey
• Testers: Nick McGee, Mike Movel, Mark Viccary, James Brown, Rob Lewtas, Russ Wark, Michael Patrick
• Super Producer: Fergus McGovern
• Assistant Producers: James Stewart
• Special Thanks: Gary Patino, Nigel Little, Gary Foreman

Original Coin-Op Development

• Producer and Programmer: Dennis Harper
• Programmer/Designer: Frank Kuan
• Art Director: Jason Leong
• Game Designer: J. Cameron Petty
• Audio Designer: Jeanne Parson
• Associate Producer: Steve Riesenberger

Source:

US manual

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Game Gear version

Original Coin Op Development

• Producer and Programmer: Dennis Harper
• Programmer Designer: Frank Kuan
• Art Director: Jason Leong
• Game Designer: J. Cameron Petty
• Audio Designer: Jeanne Parson
• Associate Producer: Steve Riesenberger

Consumer Development

• Senior Producer: Ken Humphries
• Associate Producer: Thomas MacDevitt
• TWI Game Testers: John Arvay Jr., Rob Boone, Kevin Filson, Mike Kruse
• Product Marketing Manager: John Golden
• Manual: Jon Mongelluzzo
• Special Thanks: Curtis Soldano, John Fisher, Derryl DePriest

Probe Entertainment

• Programmer: Cameron Sheppard
• Artist: Terry Ford
• Musician: Andy Brock
• QA Manager: Gary Patino
• Testers: Nick McGee, Mike Movell, Mark Viccary, James Brown, Cliff Ramsey
• Producer: Robert O'Farrell
• Assistant Producers: James Stewart, James Bradstock
• Thanks to: Ralor Knight, Keith Burkhill

Source:

US manual

Magazine articles

Main article: Primal Rage/Magazine articles.

Promotional material

UK print advert

Mega Drive BR print advert

FI advert (1995)

Print advert in Game Players (US) #0807: "Vol. 8 No. 7 July 1995" (1995-0x-xx)
also published in:

• GamePro (US) #73: "August 1995" (1995-xx-xx)
• VideoGames (US) #79: "August 1995" (1995-0x-xx)

Print advert in EGM² (US) #15: "September 1995" (1995-0x-xx)
also published in:

• VideoGames (US) #81: "October 1995" (1995-09-19)
• Electronic Gaming Monthly (US) #75: "October 1995" (1995-xx-xx)
• VideoGames (US) #82: "November 1995" (1995-10-24)

Print advert in Player One (FR) #57: "Octobre 1995" (1995-xx-xx)

Print advert in AS Magazin-Video Igrice (YU) #15: "Novembar 1995" (1995-xx-xx)

Physical scans

Mega Drive version

Sega Retro Average
Publication Score Source GamesMaster (UK) 82 №33, p46/47

	82
Based on 1 review

Sega Retro Average

Publication Version Score 1700 igr dlya Sega (RU) 70 Consoles + (FR) 76 Cool Gamer (RU) 70 Digitiser (UK) 83 Electronic Games (1992-1995) (US) NTSC-U 75 Entsiklopediya luchshikh igr Sega. Vypusk 1 (RU) 70 Game Players (US) NTSC-U 62 GamePro (US) NTSC-U 75 GamePro (DE) 47 Game Informer (US) NTSC-U 78 Joypad (FR) 81 MAN!AC (DE) PAL 68 Mega Force (FR) PAL 75 Mega Fun (DE) PAL 74 Mean Machines Sega (UK) PAL 90 Next Generation (US) 25 Player One (FR) 73 Players (BR) 69 Power Up! (UK) 88 Secret Service (PL) 80 Sega Magazin (DE) PAL 78 Sega Magazine (UK) PAL 84 Sega Power (UK) PAL 91 Sega Pro (UK) PAL 79 Sega Mega Drive Review (RU) 74 Sega Megazone (AU) 89 Super Juegos (ES) 73 Todo Sega (ES) 90 Top Consoles (FR) 65 Tricks 16 bit (RU) 86 Videogame Advisor (US) NTSC-U 75 Video Games (DE) PAL 68 VideoGames (US) NTSC-U 70

	74
Based on 33 reviews

Primal Rage

Mega Drive, US
Cover
Cart Manual

Mega Drive, EU
Cover
Cart Manual PCB

Mega Drive, PT
Cover
Manual

Mega Drive, SE (Rental)

Mega Drive, FI
Cover
Cart Manual

Mega Drive, AU
Cover
Cart Manual

Mega Drive, AU (bundle)
Cover
Cart Primal Rage

Mega Drive, RU/CIS
Cover
Cart Manual

Mega Drive, BR
Cover
Cart Manual

Game Gear version

Sega Retro Average
Publication Score Source

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Based on 0 review

Sega Retro Average
Publication Version Score Digitiser (UK) 79 Game Players (US) NTSC-U 76 GamePro (US) NTSC-U 80 GamePro (DE) 47 GamePro (UK) 92 Joypad (FR) 86 Mega Fun (DE) PAL 63 Mean Machines Sega (UK) PAL 83 Sega Magazin (DE) PAL 62 Sega Magazine (UK) PAL 88 Sega Pro (UK) PAL 82 Todo Sega (ES) 86 VideoGames (US) 70

	76
Based on 13 reviews

Primal Rage

Game Gear, US
Cover
Cart Manual

Game Gear, EU
Cover
Cart Manual

32X version

Sega Retro Average
Publication Score Source

Based on 0 review

Sega Retro Average
Publication Version Score GameFan (US) NTSC-U 83 GamePro (US) NTSC-U 80 Mean Machines Sega (UK) PAL 80 Sega Power (UK) PAL 79 Sega Pro (UK) PAL 72 VideoGames (US) NTSC-U 70

	77
Based on 6 reviews

Primal Rage

32X, US
Cover
Cart Manual

32X, EU
Cover
Cart

Saturn version

Sega Retro Average
Publication Score Source

Based on 0 review

Sega Retro Average
Publication Version Score Famitsu (JP) NTSC-J 48 Fun Generation (DE) 50 GameFan (US) NTSC-U 66 GamePro (US) NTSC-U 75 Hobby Consolas (ES) 86 Mega Fun (DE) PAL 71 Mean Machines Sega (UK) PAL 79 Saturn Fan (JP) NTSC-J 53 Saturn Fan (JP) NTSC-J 43 Secret Service (PL) 65 Sega Saturn Magazine (UK) PAL 60 Sega Saturn Magazine (JP) NTSC-J 50 Total Saturn (UK) PAL 57 VideoGames (US) NTSC-U 60

	62
Based on 14 reviews

Primal Rage

Saturn, JP
Cover

Saturn, US
Cover
Disc Manual

Saturn, EU
Cover
Disc Manual

Saturn, PT
Cover
Disc

Saturn, AU
Disc

Technical information

Main article: Primal Rage/Technical information.

External links

• Sega of America webpage: 32X