Difference between revisions of "R360"

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| arcade_date_jp=[[Amusement Machine Show 1990|1990]]
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| mid_date_jp=1990-11{{ref|https://sega.jp/history/arcade/product/18204/}}
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| arcade_date_world=1992
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| mid_date_us=1991
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| mid_date_uk=1991
 
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The '''R360''' is a special arcade cabinet developed by [[Sega]] and released in 1992. It was originally designed for ''[[G-LOC: Air Battle]]'' but its life was extended to support other games.
+
The '''R360''' is a special arcade cabinet developed by [[Sega]], released in Japan in 1990. Capable of rotating 360 degrees on two axis, the cabinet simulates in-game motion, while allowing its player to assume basic control of an adapted game and the moving pod itself. Originally designed exclusively for Japan and ''[[G-LOC: Air Battle]]'', its life was extended for a 1991 worldwide release and other games.{{ref|1=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719231316/https://myemail.constantcontact.com/Stinger-Report---03-05-2021.html?soid=1103295952658&aid=YbRTe95u7yA}}
  
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The main selling point of the R360 is, as it's name may suggest, the ability to '''R'''otate '''360''' degrees on any axis. So in ''G-LOC''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s case, if the player causes the jet plane to perform a barrel roll, the entire cabinet will rotate to attempt to simulate this movement in the real world. Predictably the immense weight of the cabinet and safety considerations means it does not respond well to quick movements.
+
Though ultimately an expensive commercial endeavour for Sega, the R360 has been retrospectively credited as a masterpiece of their arcade output by critics and gaming enthusiasts alike.{{ref|1=https://web.archive.org/web/20210719231316/https://myemail.constantcontact.com/Stinger-Report---03-05-2021.html?soid=1103295952658&aid=YbRTe95u7yA}} Due to the popularity of the concept, Sega has revisited the basic cabinet design for the newer ''[[Dennou Senki Virtual-On Special]]'' and ''[[Transformers Human Alliance Special]]'' in its [[Joypolis]] indoor theme parks.
  
−
Inside is a joystick, television screen, safety bar, and perhaps most importantly, an emergency stop button.
+
==Design==
 +
[[File:R360 specifications.jpg|thumb|right|Official specifications for the R360 arcade cabinet]]
 +
The R360 cabinet is best described as a gyroscopic motion simulator. Its complex nature means that numerous components are used on the inside and outside to ensure it performs its purpose correctly, however the most significant of these include its cockpit, wireframe, and control tower. These three parts contain the main bulk of the cabinet's hardware, either attached within or outside for the player or operator to use.
  
−
==Compatible Games/Hardware==
+
The main selling point of the R360 is, as its name may suggest, the ability to '''R'''otate '''360''' degrees on any axis with a maximum of 2Gs. So in ''G-LOC''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s case, if the player causes the jet plane to perform a barrel roll, the cockpit will rotate to attempt to simulate this movement in the real world. Predictably, the immense weight of the cabinet and safety considerations means it does not respond well to quick movements.
−
===''[[G-LOC: Air Battle]]'' ([[Sega Y Board]])===
 
−
''G-LOC: Air Battle'' was originally released in 1990, however a software update emerged along with the R360 cabinet in 1992 making the game compatible. As well as a cabinet for playing games, Sega also classed the R360 unit as a ride, and thus included an option where players would simply sit in the unit and watch a rolling demo of the game, being rotated as they did so.
 
  
−
This version of the game is often called ''R360 G-LOC'' or ''G-LOC R360''. The name was incorrectly adopted for home computer ports, even though, obviously, R360 peripherals were not available for the home.
+
The R360 is able to perform these movements on both the X and Y axis through its use of drive motors and slip rings. The former is made up of 1.5KW AC servo motors made by [[wikipedia:Toshiba|Toshiba]], two for each axis.{{ref|https://web.archive.org/web/20200724150122/https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20200704005/}} To do these safely, numerous safety requirements are employed; a series of sensors and an emergency button inside the cockpit stop motion, and a unique harness seatbelt design is used for added security.
  
−
===''[[Wing War]]'' ([[Sega Model 1]])===
+
Aside from its safety measures, the cockpit also contains a 20 inch CRT monitor, joystick, handbrake, and an original bucket seat design made of FRP and urethane, covered in grey PVC leather. In the case of ''[[Wing War]]'' being installed, an added throttle control and link equipment for battle with another R360 unit will be required, whereas with ''[[Rad Mobile]]'', a redesigned control panel and rewired brake/gas pedals are needed.
−
The 1994 release of '''Wing War'' was also available for the R360 unit. Motion aside, it is presumed to be the same as the standard release.
 
  
−
Rumours also circulate which state that ''[[After Burner II]]'' and ''[[Strike Fighter]]'' may have been adjusted for use with the R360 cabinet.
+
Outside of the main cockpit and wireframe is an operator control tower, containing further safety controls, a 10 inch monitor displaying gameplay, microphone terminal, and the boards for the installed game. Further components include its stereo sound system, subwoofer, exterior cockpit lighting, and fence. In total, the R360 should normally make use of a 4.5m x 4.5m installation space, with the cabinet body itself weighing 1,100kg and measuring 250cm in width, 300cm depth, and 240cm height. Due to its hefty technological demands, the R360 also requires a 3-phase power supply; 240V in the USA, 380V in Japan, and 415V in the UK.
  
−
==Promotional Material==
+
==History==
 +
{{mainArticle|{{PAGENAME}}/History}}
 +
 
 +
==Games==
 +
*''[[G-LOC: Air Battle]]'' (1990)
 +
*''[[Rad Mobile]]'' (1991)
 +
*''[[Wing War]]'' (1994)
 +
 
 +
==Locations==
 +
{{multicol|
 +
*[[Hi-Tech Land Sega Shibuya]]{{ref|http://backup.segakore.fr/mechatro/mtv/pm/pm03.html}}
 +
*[[Club Sega Inage O2 Park|O2 Park Sega World]]{{fileref|Virtual Reality JP 1x01.mp4}}
 +
*[[Sega World Tempozan|Sega Cineset]]{{fileref|Sega Cineset 2F 1.jpg}}
 +
*[[Sega Tokyo Dome City|Carnival]]{{magref|bemega|1991-01|32}}
 +
*[[Sega World Tokyo Roof]]{{magref|bemega|1991-01|141}}
 +
*[[Sega World Settsu Wings]]{{magref|bemega|1991-06|128}}
 +
*[[Sega World South West]]{{magref|bemega|1991-09|132}}
 +
*[[Sega World Cospal]]{{magref|bemega|1991-12|130}}
 +
*[[Sega Charlie One]]{{magref|bemega|1992-03|132}}
 +
*[[Festival Disney]]{{fileref|Festival Disney Sega 1995.mp4}}
 +
*[[Espacio]]{{fileref|SegaCompanyProfile JP 1992.pdf|page=7}}
 +
*[[Roppongi GiGO]]{{fileref|Roppongi GiGO Interior.jpg}}
 +
*[[Metropolis (venue)|Metropolis]]
 +
*[[Sega World Bournemouth]]
 +
*[[Sega VirtuaLand]]
 +
*[[Sega Park & Casino Colindale|SegaDome Colindale]]
 +
*[[Sega World Tamworth]]
 +
*[[Sega World Wolverhampton]]
 +
*[[Sega World Birmingham]]
 +
*[[Centre Sega Amiens]]
 +
*[[Centre Sega Paris]]
 +
*[[Sega Park Madrid]]
 +
*[[Cánovas Center Sega Park Valencia|Sega Park Valencia]]
 +
*[[SegaWorld London]]
 +
*[[Sega World Sydney]]
 +
|cols=2}}
 +
 
 +
==Production credits==
 +
{{creditstable|
 +
*'''Mechanical Engineers:''' [[Masao Yoshimoto]]{{fileref|Sega Arcade History JP EnterBrain Book-1.pdf|page=180}},  [[Masaki Matsuno]]{{ref|https://web.archive.org/web/20200724150122/https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20200704005/}}
 +
*'''Electrical Engineer:''' [[Futoshi Ito]]{{ref|https://note.com/beep21/n/n65bc7108985c}}
 +
| console=MID
 +
| source=Developer mentions
 +
}}
 +
 
 +
==Magazine articles==
 +
{{mainArticle|{{PAGENAME}}/Magazine articles}}
 +
 
 +
==Promotional material==
 +
{{mainArticle|{{PAGENAME}}/Promotional material}}
 +
 
 +
==Video coverage==
 +
*[https://segaretro.org/File:Tomorrow%27s_World_GLOC_R360_1991.mp4 "Giant gyro game"], ''[[wikipedia:Tomorrow's World|Tomorrow's World]]'' (UK), S26 E17, 1991-05-02
 +
*[https://segaretro.org/File:Marafon-15_SU_1991_Japan1.mp4 "Arcade center in Japan"], ''[[Marafon-15]]'' (SU), "In Japan", 1991-xx-xx, (+ 1:45)
 +
*[https://segaretro.org/File:Roppongi_GiGO_Bad_Influence_S1E8.mp4 "Newest amusement centre in Tokyo"], ''[[Bad Influence!]]'' (UK), S1 E8, 1992-12-17
 +
 
 +
==Patents==
 +
<gallery>
 +
Patent US5489212.pdf|US5489212
 +
Patent US5860808.pdf|US5860808
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
==Artwork==
 +
<gallery>
 +
R360 logo.png|Logo
 +
Sega R360 concept.jpeg|Concept
 +
</gallery>
 +
 
 +
==Photo gallery==
 
<gallery>
 
<gallery>
−
File:R360 JP Flyer.pdf|JP flyer
+
GLocR360 Arcade Cabinet.jpg|Cabinet
 +
R360 Hi Tech Land Sega Shibuya.jpg|[[Hi-Tech Land Sega Shibuya]], 1990
 +
R360 AOU Show 1991.jpg|[[Amusement Machine Show 1991]], ''[[Rad Mobile]]''
 +
R360 Wing War 1994.jpg|1994, ''[[Wing War]]''{{magref|harmony|130|15}}
 +
Sega R360 GLOC.jpg|''G-LOC R360''
 
</gallery>
 
</gallery>
  
−
[[Category:Arcade systems]]
+
==External links==
 +
*[http://backup.segakore.fr/mechatro/mtv/pm/pm03.html Development summary] at [https://web.archive.org/web/20020930023028/http://www.sega-mechatro.com/ sega-mechatro.com] (defunct, Segakore backup)
 +
*''[https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20200704005/ Video Game Storytellers Part 19: Sega's genes, passed down to the next generation by the development team of the ultimate sensory game cabinet, R360.]'' interview with engineers [[Masao Yoshimoto]] and [[Masaki Matsuno]] by [[Fumio Kurokawa]] at ''[https://www.4gamer.net 4Gamer.net]'' (Japanese)
 +
 
 +
==References==
 +
<references/>
 +
 
 +
{{MidSizeAttractions}}

Latest revision as of 09:27, 20 February 2024

R360 logo.png
GLocR360 Arcade Cabinet.jpg
R360
Manufacturer: Sega
Release Date RRP Code
Mid-size attraction
JP		 ¥? ?
Mid-size attraction
US		 $? ?
Mid-size attraction
UK		 £? ?


The R360 is a special arcade cabinet developed by Sega, released in Japan in 1990. Capable of rotating 360 degrees on two axis, the cabinet simulates in-game motion, while allowing its player to assume basic control of an adapted game and the moving pod itself. Originally designed exclusively for Japan and G-LOC: Air Battle, its life was extended for a 1991 worldwide release and other games.[2]

Though ultimately an expensive commercial endeavour for Sega, the R360 has been retrospectively credited as a masterpiece of their arcade output by critics and gaming enthusiasts alike.[2] Due to the popularity of the concept, Sega has revisited the basic cabinet design for the newer Dennou Senki Virtual-On Special and Transformers Human Alliance Special in its Joypolis indoor theme parks.

Design

Official specifications for the R360 arcade cabinet

The R360 cabinet is best described as a gyroscopic motion simulator. Its complex nature means that numerous components are used on the inside and outside to ensure it performs its purpose correctly, however the most significant of these include its cockpit, wireframe, and control tower. These three parts contain the main bulk of the cabinet's hardware, either attached within or outside for the player or operator to use.

The main selling point of the R360 is, as its name may suggest, the ability to Rotate 360 degrees on any axis with a maximum of 2Gs. So in G-LOC's case, if the player causes the jet plane to perform a barrel roll, the cockpit will rotate to attempt to simulate this movement in the real world. Predictably, the immense weight of the cabinet and safety considerations means it does not respond well to quick movements.

The R360 is able to perform these movements on both the X and Y axis through its use of drive motors and slip rings. The former is made up of 1.5KW AC servo motors made by Toshiba, two for each axis.[3] To do these safely, numerous safety requirements are employed; a series of sensors and an emergency button inside the cockpit stop motion, and a unique harness seatbelt design is used for added security.

Aside from its safety measures, the cockpit also contains a 20 inch CRT monitor, joystick, handbrake, and an original bucket seat design made of FRP and urethane, covered in grey PVC leather. In the case of Wing War being installed, an added throttle control and link equipment for battle with another R360 unit will be required, whereas with Rad Mobile, a redesigned control panel and rewired brake/gas pedals are needed.

Outside of the main cockpit and wireframe is an operator control tower, containing further safety controls, a 10 inch monitor displaying gameplay, microphone terminal, and the boards for the installed game. Further components include its stereo sound system, subwoofer, exterior cockpit lighting, and fence. In total, the R360 should normally make use of a 4.5m x 4.5m installation space, with the cabinet body itself weighing 1,100kg and measuring 250cm in width, 300cm depth, and 240cm height. Due to its hefty technological demands, the R360 also requires a 3-phase power supply; 240V in the USA, 380V in Japan, and 415V in the UK.

History

Main article: R360/History.

Games

Locations

Production credits

Source:
Developer mentions


Magazine articles

Main article: R360/Magazine articles.

Promotional material

Main article: R360/Promotional material.

Video coverage

Patents

  • US5489212

  • US5860808

Artwork

  • Logo

  • Concept

Photo gallery

External links

References

  1. ↑ https://sega.jp/history/arcade/product/18204/
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 https://myemail.constantcontact.com/Stinger-Report---03-05-2021.html?soid=1103295952658&aid=YbRTe95u7yA (Wayback Machine: 2021-07-19 23:13)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 https://www.4gamer.net/games/999/G999905/20200704005/ (Wayback Machine: 2020-07-24 15:01)
  4. ↑ http://backup.segakore.fr/mechatro/mtv/pm/pm03.html
  5. ↑ File:Virtual Reality JP 1x01.mp4
  6. ↑ File:Sega Cineset 2F 1.jpg
  7. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "January 1991" (JP; 1990-12-08), page 32
  8. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "January 1991" (JP; 1990-12-08), page 141
  9. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "June 1991" (JP; 1991-05-08), page 128
  10. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "September 1991" (JP; 1991-08-08), page 132
  11. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "December 1991" (JP; 1991-11-08), page 130
  12. ↑ Beep! MegaDrive, "March 1992" (JP; 1992-02-08), page 132
  13. ↑ File:Festival Disney Sega 1995.mp4
  14. ↑ Sega Company Profile, 1992, page 7
  15. ↑ File:Roppongi GiGO Interior.jpg
  16. ↑ Sega Arcade History, Enterbrain, page 180
  17. ↑ https://note.com/beep21/n/n65bc7108985c
  18. ↑ Harmony, "1994 8" (JP; 1994-08-01), page 15


Mid-size attractions
Arcade
 Rifle Gallery (1974) | R360 (1990) | AS-1 (1993) | Virtua Formula (1993) | Virtual Batting (1994) | Power Sled (1996) | Murder Lodge (1996) | Q-tag (1996) | Bike Athlon (1997) | Boat Race GP (1998) | Wild River (1998) | The Lost World: Jurassic Park Special (1998) | Dennou Senki Virtual-On Oratorio Tangram Special (1998) | Sky Cruising (1999) | MaxFlight VR2002 (199x) | Wild Jungle (2000) | UFO Catcher Ride (2001) | Cycraft (2003) | Wild Wing (2004) | The Quiz Show (2005) | The House of the Dead 4 Special (2006) | OutRun 2 SP SDX (2006) | Wild River Splash! (2006) | Wild Jungle Brothers (2006) | Burnout Running (200x) | Let's Go Jungle! Special (200x) | Hummer (2008) | Storm-G (2009) | Sonic Athletics (2013) | Sonic Brain Ranking (2013) | Transformers Human Alliance Special (2014) | Wild River The Treasure Hunt (2015) | Spicy Taxi (201x) | The House of the Dead Scarlet Dawn The Attraction (20xx)
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