Rieko Kodama

From Sega Retro

RiekoKodama 15.jpg
Rieko Kodama
Place of birth: Kanagawa, Japan
Date of birth: 1963-05-23
Date of death: 2022-05-09[1] (age 58)
Employment history:
Sega of Japan (1984[2] – )
Divisions:
Divisions:
Role(s): Designer, Director, Producer
Twitter: @phoenix_rie

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Rieko Kodama (小玉 理恵子) (perhaps better known by her alias, Phoenix Rie) was a major designer for the original Phantasy Star series. By the time her work on the Phantasy Star games had concluded, Kodama had taken on directorial roles within her department (for Phantasy Star IV and later Magic Knight Rayearth) and would later act as a producer for titles including Skies of Arcadia and the 2005 incarnation of Altered Beast.

Kodama credited herself as "Phoenix Rie", "Phenix Rie", or some close variation in many of her early works. This was because at the time Sega did not allow developers to place their real names in their games.[6] The pseudonym was based on the manga character Phoenix Ikki from Saint Seiya.[7][8]

She was mentored by Yoshiki Kawasaki in her first year at Sega.[9]

Career

Kodama was hired by Sega in 1984 through one of her colleagues who was already employed there. [10] She originally thought she was going to be working on advertising and graphic design, but after seeing the game development department, she felt that would be fun as well.[10] She learned how to create graphics from Yoshiki Kawasaki, the sprite artist behind Flicky. [11] Her first job was as character designer for the arcade game Champion Boxing.[12] She continued to work on other arcade games such as Sega Ninja. Because development times were short and Sega was low on design staff, Kodama would sometimes work on five to six games at once. She designed the art for Alex Kidd in Miracle World[10] was "deeply involved" with the arcade and Master System versions of Quartet,[13] and created art for the Master System port of Fantasy Zone II: The Tears of Opa-Opa.[12] Kodama received small requests to design assets for other projects on a daily basis, such as the dragon from Miracle Warriors: Seal of the Dark Lord and an enemy for the SG-1000 port for The Black Onyx.[10] Kodama served as editor for the Japanese Sega newsletter Sega Players Enjoy Club.[11]

With the popularity of Enix's Dragon Quest role-playing game series on the Famicom in the mid-1980s, Sega formed a team of several people to develop a competing RPG for the Master System, titled Phantasy Star. Kodama served as the main artist for the game, designing the characters, the 2D environments, the battle screen backgrounds, non-playable characters, and other details.[10] Star Wars was one of Kodama's favorite film series and was a significant inspiration for her when designing artwork for Phantasy Star. She enjoyed the way Star Wars took elements from Japanese and Asian culture and infused it with a science fiction setting. Following this notion, she gave the science fiction world of Phantasy Star a Western folklore feel and gave the characters medieval clothes.[13][10]

One of the key design philosophies for Phantasy Star was to do things differently from existing RPGs, particularly the Dragon Quest series which she believed was too simple and pure of a fantasy world.[10] [14] One such challenge to differentiate Phantasy Star was to create a female hero.[14] The female protagonist Alis, and another character, Lutz, were designed by Kodama. Other characters, as well as the game's monsters, were designed by other people.[10] In the original story drafts, Lutz was written as intersex, and could become either male or female later in the game. She thought this was interesting, so chose to give Lutz an androgynous appearance in the final game.[11] In this game and later Phantasy Star games, Kodama enjoyed creating a cast of characters uniting for a common purpose, regardless of gender, species, or home planet.[14]

Phantasy Star was a critical and commercial success and a benchmark title for both the industry and the RPG genre. In later years, Kodama continued her work on the Phantasy Star series. She again led the graphic design for Phantasy Star II and later directed Phantasy Star IV: The End of the Millennium.[12][13] She helped during the planning stages of Phantasy Star III: Generations of Doom.[6] She also supervised the development of both Sega Saturn and Game Boy Advance compilations named Phantasy Star Collection as well as remakes of Phantasy Star and Phantasy Star II for the PlayStation 2.[6]

Beyond working on the Phantasy Star series during the Sega Mega Drive years, Kodama created artwork for other Sega games including Mega Drive versions of Sorcerian Kujaku Ou, Altered Beast, Alex Kidd in the Enchanted Castle, Kujaku Ou 2: Geneijou, Shadow Dancer: The Secret of Shinobi, Sonic the Hedgehog, and Sonic the Hedgehog 2.[12] After her success in directing Phantasy Star IV, she directed Magic Knight Rayearth, an RPG for the Sega Saturn based on the manga series of the same name.[12][13] She was involved in all aspects of the game including sales and marketing.[7]

Kodama soon became a producer at the Overworks (later Sega Wow) subsidiary and led the development of Skies of Arcadia, which released for the Sega Dreamcast in 2000.[15] As her first 3D RPG, Kodama felt her freedom of expression had expanded. The project began because her team wanted to create a completely 3D RPG for the Sega Saturn. The project was moved to the Dreamcast when the content became too large for the Saturn to process.[16] According to Kodama, a defining element during development was to not rely on advanced graphics and particularly the CGI movies that were popular in games at the time, which Kodama felt took control away from the player.[13][15] Kodama has stated that Skies of Arcadia along with the Phantasy Star series were her favorite projects she worked on.[13][6]

In the mid-2000s, Kodama served as producer on edutainment games for the Nintendo DS and PlayStation Portable.[14] Her last notable work was leading the production of the 7th Dragon series.[13] In 2018, she was the lead producer of the Sega Ages series.[17]

Death

A memorial message dedicated to Kodama was included in the end credits of the Mega Drive Mini 2, which was released on October 27, 2022.[18] Addressing inquiries by IGN and Famitsu, Sega confirmed that Kodama had died on May 9, 2022, at 58 years old,[19][20] and initially refrained from a public announcement to respect her family's privacy.[21]

Production history

Games

Music

Hardware

Magazine articles

Main article: Rieko Kodama/Magazine articles.

Interviews

 Some or all of the following content should be mirrored on Sega Retro (or Retro CDN).

Photographs

Main article: Photos of Rieko Kodama

External links

References

  1. ↑ @nakayuji on Twitter (archive.today)
  2. ↑ https://sega.jp/fb/album/07_ps/interview1.html (Wayback Machine: 2022-04-07 07:41)
  3. ↑ File:Sega_Consumer_History_JP_EnterBrain_Book.pdf, page 58
  4. ↑ File:Sega_Consumer_History_JP_EnterBrain_Book.pdf, page 59
  5. ↑ Sonic's Ultimate Genesis Collection
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 http://www.the-nextlevel.com/feature/interview-rieko-kodama (Wayback Machine: 2017-09-16 01:05)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 https://www.destructoid.com/a-chat-with-sega-s-first-lady-of-rpgs-rieko-kodama-532348.phtml
  8. ↑ http://retronauts.com/article/1956/rieko-kodama-pioneering-sega-developer-dies-at-59
  9. ↑ https://shmuplations.com/phantasystar/
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 http://sega.jp/fb/album/07_ps/interview1.html (Wayback Machine: 2016-04-07 06:39)
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 http://shmuplations.com/phantasystar/
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 http://www.sega-16.com/2004/08/sega-stars-rieko-kodama/
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.5 13.6 ["Power Profiles: Rieko Kodama". Nintendo Power. No. 251. February 2010. pp. 80–82. "Power Profiles: Rieko Kodama". Nintendo Power. No. 251. February 2010. pp. 80–82.]
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 http://www.g-wie-gorilla.de/content/view/161/18/ (Wayback Machine: 2013-12-12 11:15)
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 http://archive.gamespy.com/tgs2002/skiesofarcadia/ (Wayback Machine: 2008-06-27 07:26)
  16. ↑ [Szczepaniak, John (2018). The Untold History of Japanese Game Developers Vol. 3. SMG Szczepaniak. pp. 338–339. Szczepaniak, John (2018). The Untold History of Japanese Game Developers Vol. 3. SMG Szczepaniak. pp. 338–339.]
  17. ↑ https://www.ndw.jp/2651-2/
  18. ↑ https://www.gameinformer.com/obituary/2022/10/27/rieko-kodama-pioneering-sega-developer-behind-phantasy-star-skies-of-arcadia
  19. ↑ https://www.famitsu.com/news/202210/27280651.html
  20. ↑ https://jp.ign.com/sega/63465/news/
  21. ↑ https://www.ign.com/articles/rieko-kodama-has-reportedly-died-sega
  22. ↑ File:Phantasy Star SMS credits.pdf
  23. ↑ File:Altered Beast MD credits.pdf
  24. ↑ File:Phantasy Star II MD credits.pdf
  25. ↑ File:Kujaku Ou 2 MD credits.pdf
  26. ↑ File:Sorcerian MD credits.pdf
  27. ↑ File:Phantasy Star III MD credits.pdf
  28. ↑ File:Strider MD credits.pdf
  29. ↑ File:Shadow Dancer MD credits.pdf
  30. ↑ File:Advanced Daisenryaku MD credits.pdf
  31. ↑ File:Sonic the Hedgehog MD credits.pdf
  32. ↑ File:Riddle Wired MD credits.png
  33. ↑ File:Tougi Ou King Colossus MD credits.pdf
  34. ↑ File:Super Monaco GP II MD credits.pdf
  35. ↑ File:Sonic CD MCD JP credits.pdf
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.4 File:Phantasy Star Sennenki no Owari ni MD credits.pdf
  37. ↑ File:Psiv md us manual.pdf, page 42
  38. ↑ File:Hybrid Front MD credits.pdf
  39. ↑ File:Mahou Kishi Rayearth Saturn credits.pdf
  40. ↑ File:Sonic CD PC DirectX good ending credits.pdf
  41. ↑ File:Deep Fear Saturn credits.pdf
  42. ↑ File:Phantasy Star Collection GBA manual.pdf, page 19
  43. ↑ File:SonicGenesis GBA US manual.pdf, page 18
  44. ↑ File:EternalArcadiaOST CD JP Booklet.pdf, page 7
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